精神分裂症患者家庭环境、父母教养方式以及亲密度和适应性的调查分析

目的　探索精神分裂症患者的家庭环境、父母教养方式以及亲密度和适应性的特点。方法　采用家庭环境量表 (中文版 ) ) (FES -CV)、父母教养方式评价量表 (EMBU)及家庭亲密度和适应性量表 (中文版 ) (FACESII-CV)对 110例精神分裂症患者 (研究组 )进行评定 ,并与 110例正常受试者 (对照组 )加以比较。结果　①同正常对照组相比 ,患者家庭表现为低亲密度、低情感表达、低成功性、低组织性以及高矛盾性和控制性差 (P <0 0 5或P<0 0 1)。②在教养方式上 ,患者父亲表现为低情感温暖、高惩罚严厉、过分干涉和拒绝否认 (P <0 0 1) ;而母亲表现为低情感温暖、高拒绝否认、惩罚严厉和偏爱被试 (P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1)。③在亲密度和适应性方面 ,患者家庭的实际亲密度、实际适应性、理想亲密度和理想适应性均较对照组为差 (P <0 0 1)。结论　患者的家庭环境、父母教养方式以及亲密度和适应性方面均存在着诸多方面的问题 ,可能对精神分裂症的发病起重要作用。

An investigation of family environment,parental rearing pattern and family adaptability and cohesion of patients with schizophrenia

Objective To investigate family environment,parental rearing pattern and family adaptability and cohesion of patients with schizophrenia.Methods 110 patients with schizophrenia and 110 normal controls were assessed with the family environment scale(FES-CV),egna minnen av barndoms uppfostran(EMBU) and family adaptability and cohesion scale(FACESII-CV).Results (1)Compared with normal controls,the scores of factors of the cohesion,emotion expression,success and organization of the schizophrenics family were lower,while the scores of factors the conflict and control were higher.There were a significant difference in the two groups(P<0.05 or 0.01).(2)Compared with normal controls,the scores of factors of the being punished and refused of the schizophrenics were higher,at the same time,the scores of the over intervention of father and over partialness of mother were higher.However the scores of factors the being cared was lower.There was a significant difference in the two groups(P<0.01 or P<0.05).(3)The fact and ideal scores of the family adaptability and cohesion in the study group were lower than that of the controlled group(P<0.01).Conclusion There had many problems in the family environment,parental rearing pattern and family adaptability and cohesion of schizophrenia patients,these could play an important role in the coming on of the schizophrenia.