长期住院精神分裂症患者的孤独感与共情缺陷

目的探讨长期住院精神分裂症患者的孤独感和共情缺陷特征。方法采用病例对照研究,67例住院时间超过2年的精神分裂症患者为研究组,66例病史大于2年的门诊精神分裂症患者为对照组。所有受试完成一般情况调查表、感情-社会孤独量表(ESLS)和人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)。结果①两组性别、年龄、文化程度差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05);②研究组感情-社会孤独量表总评分高于对照组(29.78±5.58)分vs.(27.16±3.79)分],差异有统计学意义(t=-3.17,P=0.002),情感孤独与社会孤独因子分也均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05);③研究组IRI-C总评分低于对照组(31.39±11.02)分vs.(39.69±9.61)分],差异有统计学意义(t=4.61,P0.001),反映共情缺陷的"同情关心"因子评分研究组低于对照组(9.21±3.46)分vs.(11.18±2.93)分],差异有统计学意义(t=3.55,P=0.001)。结论长期住院精神分裂症患者共情缺陷和孤独感明显,需鼓励患者回归社区以缓解孤独感,降低共情缺陷。

A study of loneliness and empathic defects in long-term hospitalization of patients with schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia loneliness and empathy defect characteristics and related factors.Methods A casecontrol study,67 patients hospitalized with schizophrenia in line with International Classification of Diseases 10th edition （ICD-10）diagnostic criteria as the study group and randomly selected 66 non-hospitalized schizophrenic patients in the control group.Using the general survey scale,positive and negative symptom scale score sheet （PANSS）,interpersonal reactions pointer Scale （IRI-C）,emotional - Social Loneliness Scale questionnaire em-pathy defects in both groups,and analyze the impact of loneliness factor.Results ①hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients with positive and negative symptom scale scores were （37.70 ± 8.16）points,（31.41 ± 4.78）points,the difference was statistically significant （t=-5.42,P〈0.001）.②Hospitalization and interpersonal reactions pointer total score of ambulatory patients were （31.39 ± 11.02）points,（39.69 ± 9.61）points,the difference was statistically significant （t = 4.61;P〈0. 001）.③ Feelings of inpatient and ambulatory patient group - Social Loneliness Scale scores were （29.78 ± 5.58）points, （27.16 ± 3.79）points,the difference was statistically significant （t = -3.17;P= 0.002）.Conclusion The presence of schizophrenia and loneliness obvious defects of empathy and empathy defects and loneliness and positive and negative symptoms of the presence of some relevance,hospital and non-hospital will result in different treatment modalities in patients with defects of empathy,loneliness differences in sense of hospitalization than non-hospitalized patients with psychotic symptoms and empathic obvious defects,the degree of loneliness weight.