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Bullying in clinical high risk for psychosis participants from the NAPLS-3 cohort |
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| Authors: | Braun Amy Liu Lu Bearden Carrie E Cadenhead Kristin S Cornblatt Barbara A Keshavan Matcheri Mathalon Daniel H McGlashan Thomas H Perkins Diana O Seidman Larry J Stone William Tsuang Ming T Walker Elaine F Woods Scott W Cannon Tyrone D Addington Jean |
| Institution: | 1.Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada ;2.Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA ;3.Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA ;4.Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Long Island, NY, USA ;5.Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA ;6.Department of Psychiatry, UCSF, and SFVA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA ;7.Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA ;8.Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA ;9.Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA ;10.Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA ;11.Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA ; |
| Abstract: | Purpose Bullying is associated with a heightened risk for poor outcomes, including psychosis. This study aimed to replicate previous findings on bullying prevalence in clinical high-risk (CHR) individuals, to assess the longitudinal course of clinical and functional variables between bullied and non-bullied CHR and the association of bullying with premorbid functioning, clinical outcome, transition to psychosis and risk of violence. MethodsThe sample consisted of 691 CHR participants and 96 healthy controls. Participants reported whether they had experienced bullying and how long it had lasted. Assessments included DSM-5 diagnoses, attenuated psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, social and role functioning, depression, stress, premorbid functioning, and risk of violence. The bullied and non-bullied CHR groups were compared at baseline and further longitudinally on clinical and functioning variables and transition to psychosis. ResultsBullying was more prevalent among CHR individuals than healthy controls. Bullied CHR had a higher prevalence of PTSD and more severe depression and stress at baseline than non-bullied CHR. There was no impact of bullying on clinical and functional variables over time. Bullying was not related to final clinical status or transition to psychosis. However, bullied participants had poorer premorbid functioning and a greater risk of violence. ConclusionWhile bullying may not impact the likelihood of CHR individuals to transition to psychosis, it may be a risk factor for development of the at-risk state and may be related to a greater risk of violence. Future studies should consider bullying perpetration among CHR individuals. |
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