接受嗅鞘细胞移植脊髓损伤大鼠电生理及后肢功能变化★

背景：研究证实嗅鞘细胞有利于神经元存活，并可促进轴突再生。 目的：探讨嗅鞘细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的效果。 方法：健康成年雌性SD大鼠40只，随机分为盐水对照组、细胞移植组，20只/组。另取10只SD大鼠用于嗅鞘细胞的分离培养。盐水对照组、细胞移植组大鼠均建立脊髓损伤模型，取双侧第8~10对肋间神经各2 cm，交叉植入脊髓缺损处(近端白质与远端灰质、远端白质与近端灰质)，细胞移植组局部注射嗅鞘细胞2×106个，盐水对照组局部注射等量无菌生理盐水。通过体感诱发电位和运动诱发电位的检测，观察神经电生理恢复情况；BBB后肢运动功能评分结果；通过BDA顺行神经示踪，观察运动传导束恢复情况。 结果与结论：细胞移植组大鼠体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位的潜伏期、波幅明显优于盐水对照组(P < 0.01)；细胞移植组大鼠BBB后肢运动功能评分较生理盐水组明显提高(P < 0.01)；细胞移植组脊髓损伤区有较多BDA标记阳性神经纤维通过，其数量明显多于盐水对照组(P < 0.01)。证实局部注射嗅鞘细胞可以较好地恢复大鼠脊髓损伤后的神经电生理及后肢运动功能。

Electrophysiological changes and hindlimb motor function of a model rat with spinal cord injury following olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation

BACKGROUND: Previous research has proved that olfactory ensheathing cells can promote neuronal survival and axonal regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation on the treatment of spinal cord injury of rats. METHODS: A total of 40 healthy adult female SD rats were randomly divided into control and cell transplantation groups, with 20 rats for each group. Ten additional SD rats were used for separation and culture of olfactory ensheathing cells. Spinal cord injury was induced in both control and cell transplantation groups. 2-cm bilateral 8th-10th intercostal nerves were crossly implanted into spinal cord defect region, i.e., proximal white matter and distal gray matter, distal white matter and proximal gray matter. Olfactory ensheathing cells at density of 2×106 were locally injected into cell transplantation group, while an equal amount saline was locally injected into control group. Somatosensory evoked potential and motion evoked potential were detected to observe neuro-electrophsiological recovery; BBB was used to evaluate hindlimb motor function; BDA anterograde tracer was used to observe motor conduction recovery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Latency and amplitude of somatosensory evoked potential and motion evoked potential in the cell transplantation group were significantly greater than control group (P < 0.01). BBB scores of cell transplantation group were significantly greater than control group (P < 0.01). BDA-positive nerve fibers in the cell transplantation group were significantly more than control group (P < 0.01). Local injection of olfactory ensheathing cells can improve neuro-electrophysiological changes and promote hindlimb motor functional recovery following spinal cord injury.