髋关节表面置换三维可视化设计

背景：髋关节表面置换过程中二维图谱只能观察到三维解剖结构的某一个侧面，不能全面地把握整体的三维结构。 目的：利用个人计算机结合图像处理软件Amira 4.1对髋关节表面置换进行三维重建，建立髋关节表面置换的可视化数字模型。 方法：对1例髋关节表面置换后患者骨盆进行多排螺旋CT扫描，观测内置物的位置形态，将原始数据以.dicom格式输入个人PC，利用Amira软件，经剪切、分割、表面重建及体绘制等步骤，根据解剖结构特点，对骨盆及髋关节进行三维重建，获得立体形态的髋关节及内置物位置结构。 结果与结论：重建了骨盆、髋关节及内置物的形态构成，重建的三维结构可以多彩色、透明或任意组合显示，经不同角度观察，整体显示清晰、实体感强。在三维表面重建的图像中可清楚观察表面假体的位置形态，特别是可以立体直观显示全髋关节表面置换假体的大小、倾角、稳定性以及磋磨股骨头形态，并可精确测量。提示髋关节表面置换三维重建对基础研究、临床试验及手术规划具有重要价值，应用Amira软件可为三维建模提供基础。

Three-dimensional visual design for total hip surface replacement

BACKGROUND: The two-dimensional map of total hip surface replacement (THSR) can only be observed one aspect of the three-dimensional (3D) anatomical structure, but can not fully grasp the overall 3D structure. OBJECKTIVE: 3D reconstruction of THSR by Amira4.1 based on the operational platform of personal computer and to establish their digitized visible models. METHODS: A pelvic surgery patients underwent multi-slice spiral CT scan after THSR. The location of implant form was observed. The original data were entered personal PC with .dicom, the segmented areas for structures were displayed in different colors using tools of Brush, Lasso and Magic wand, the 3D reconstruction of the hip and pelvis for obtaining 3D shape of the hip joint and the implant location of structures basing on anatomical characteristics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Structure was reconstructed. The 3D images of pelvis, hip and implant shape structure by Amira were clear and surface and volume information could be obtained. The 3D images could display perfectly the main structures of hip and implant shape and other adjacent structures by means of personal computer and software Amira4.1. The 3D structures can be multi-colored, transparent or any combination of displays. The overall showed clear physical sense after different perspectives observing. The location of the prosthesis surface morphology could be clearly observed in 3D image. THSR surface replacement prosthesis size, angle and stability could be visual particularly. Femoral head could be accurate measured. It is revealed that 3D computerized THSR reconstruction provides great value for clinical experiments, basic research and surgical planning, and its Amira4.11 software is vital for 3D reconstruction.