胎鼠神经干细胞局部注射移植大鼠高位脊髓损伤缺损处：体感及运动诱发电位与后肢运动功能评价

背景：如何促进脊髓损伤后的神经再生和功能恢复始终是医学界一大难题，胚胎神经干细胞有利于神经元的存活，并能促进轴突再生。 目的：观察胚胎鼠神经干细胞局部注射移植治疗高位脊髓损伤大鼠的可行性，以神经电生理及后肢运动功能评分评价其效果。 设计、时间及地点：细胞学体内实验，于2007-06/2008-06在哈尔滨医科大学动物实验中心完成。 材料：健康成年雌性SD大鼠40只，随机分为生理盐水组、细胞移植组，20只/组。另取孕14 d的SD大鼠5只用于制备胚胎神经干细胞。 方法：生理盐水组、细胞移植组大鼠均建立高位脊髓损伤模型，取双侧第8~10对肋间神经各2 cm，交叉植入脊髓缺损处(近端白质与远端灰质、远端白质与近端灰质)，细胞移植组局部注射鼠胚胎神经干细胞2×106个，生理盐水组局部注射等量无菌生理盐水。 主要观察指标：通过体感诱发电位和运动诱发电位的检测，观察神经电生理恢复情况；通过BDA顺行神经示踪，观察运动传导束恢复情况；BBB后肢运动功能评分结果。 结果：细胞移植组大鼠体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位的潜伏期、波幅明显优于生理盐水组(P < 0.01)；细胞移植组大鼠在损伤区有较多BDA标记阳性神经纤维通过，而生理盐水组未见BDA标记阳性神经纤维；细胞移植组大鼠BBB后肢运动功能评分较生理盐水组明显提高(P < 0.01)。 结论：胎鼠神经干细胞局部注射可以较好地恢复高位脊髓损伤后的神经电生理及后肢运动功能。

Local injection of embryonic neural stem cells for treatment of experimental spinal cord injury: Evaluation of somatosensory and motor evoked potentials and hind limb motor function

BACKGROUND: To improve neural regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) remains difficult. Embryonic neural stem cells benefit neuronal survival and promote axonal regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of the local injection of embryonic neural stem cells to treat rats with high level SCI, and evaluate its effect by neuroelectrophysiology and motor function of hind limbs. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: In vivo experiment of cytology was performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Harbin Medical University from June 2007 to June 2008. MATERIALS: A total of 40 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=20): normal saline and cell transplantation groups. In addition, 5 SD rats, pregnant 14 days, were used for preparation of embryonic neural stem cells. METHODS: High level SCI was made in two groups. Briefly, 2 cm of bilateral intercostal nerves respectively from the 8th to 10th costal bones was crossing implanted in the SCI (proximal white matter and distal gray matter; distal white matter and proximal gray matter). Cell transplantation group was locally injected with 2×106 embryonic neural stem cells, and normal saline group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEP) testing, observation of the recovery of neuroelectrophysiology; BDA anterograde neural tracer; the recovery of motor conduction by the main beam; BBB hind limb motor function score. RESULTS: SEP and MEP latency and amplitude of cell transplantation group were better than normal saline group (P < 0.01). BDA-positive nerve fibers through the tag were found in cell transplantation group, but no in normal saline group. BBB hind limb motor function score of cell transplantation group was significantly improved compared with normal saline group improved (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Local injection of embryonic neural stem cells betters neuroelectrophysiology and motor function of hind limbs following high level SCI.