独生子女情感障碍患者心理防御机制与人格特征及父母教养方式的研究

目的为探讨独生子女情感障碍患者人格、心理防御机制及父母教养方式的关系。方法采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）、防御方式问卷（DSQ）、父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）对住院的100例独生子女情感障碍患者和正常独生子女进行测评，其中患者在自知力恢复以后测评。结果独生子女情感障碍患者更多地使用投射、抱怨、幻想、退缩、躯体化等不成熟的防御机制，EPQ得分精神质、神经质、内外倾性高于正常独生子女（P〈0．01），相关分析发现，精神质、神经质与不成熟防御机制、中间防御机制呈正相关，内外倾性与成熟防御机制呈正相关，独生子女情感障碍患者的父母惩罚、父母拒绝、父亲保护、母亲干涉因子分高于正常独生子女（P〈0．01），而父亲温暖因子低于正常独生子女，相关分析发现，父母惩罚、父母拒绝、父母干涉、父亲保护与不成熟防御机制正相关，而父母温暖与不成熟防御机制负相关。结论独生子女情感障碍患者多使用不成熟防御机制、不良的父母教养方式，存在个性缺陷，且三者之间密切相关。

Study on correlation of the one-child affective disorder with patients' psychological defense mechanisms,personality characteristics, and parenting styles

Objective To explore the association of personality, psychological defense mecha- nisms, and parenting style with one--child affective disorder. Methods Eysenck Personality Question- naire （EPQ）, the Defense Style Questionnaire （DSQ） of the parenting styles, Evaluation Scale （EMBU） were used to evaluate 100 one--child emotional disorder inpatients and the normal child as control. The assessments were also made in patients after the in-- hospital treatment. Results One-- child affective disorder patients were significant （P 〈 0.01 ） more projection, complaining, fantasy, withdrawal, soma- tization, immature defense mechanisms such as the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire score psychoticism, neuroticism, extraversion inside and outside than the normal one--single child children. Correlation analysis found that spiritual quality, neurotic and immature defense mechanism, and the middle of the defense mechanism were significantly positively correlated. The inside and outside of the dump were significantly positively correlated with mature defense mechanisms. The parents punishment, parents re- fusing, father protection and mother interference factor scores were all higher in one--child emotional disorders than normal one--child （P 〈 0.01） controls. The father warmth factor was lower in one--child emotional disorders than the normal one--child controls. Correlation analysis found that parent punish- ment, parents refusing, parent interference, the father protected and immature defense mechanism had a significant positive correlation and parental warmth and immature defense mechanisms significantly nega- tively correlated. Conclusions One-child emotional disorders use more immature defense mechanisms and experienced poorer parenting styles. Personality defect exists and closely related to immature defense mechanisms and poorer parenting styles received.