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2013年荆门市重性精神疾病患者流行病学现状分析
引用本文:戴炜,王迎,刘忠纯,付锐,郭青山,杨芳.2013年荆门市重性精神疾病患者流行病学现状分析[J].神经疾病与精神卫生,2016(1):73-76.
作者姓名:戴炜  王迎  刘忠纯  付锐  郭青山  杨芳
作者单位:1. 430000,武汉大学人民医院精神卫生中心;2. 湖北省荆门市精神卫生中心
摘    要:目的 了解荆门市重性精神疾病患者的流行病学分布、生活状态、就医情况及影响因素,为开展公共卫生服务、社区防治工作提供依据.方法 以ICD-10和CCMD-3为诊断标准,向各乡镇卫生院、社区卫生服务中心下发统一的线索调查表,由精神科专业医生对可疑患者进行复核确诊,对2010~2013年纳入国家管理系统的重性精神疾病患者信息进行核对和整理,导出信息并与调查数据进行比较分析.结果 2010~2013年全市共管理重性精神疾病患者9612例,检出率为3.34‰;以精神分裂症(76.77%)为主,检出率为1.99‰;男女比例为1:1.125;患者以18~44岁的青壮年(54.23%)为主;婚姻状况以已婚(55.33%)为主;经济状况以贫困(63.31%)为主;文化程度以文盲(24.15%),小学(31.42%),初中(34.16%)为主;职业以农民(76.51%)及无业(20.89%)为主;病程多在10年以上;精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍患者住院及治疗比例最低(28.78%);躯体疾病及并发症(66.15%)和意外事故(28.46%)为患者的主要死亡因素.结论 精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞伴精神障碍、双相(情感)障碍患者居荆门市重性精神疾病前3位,女性多于男性,年龄集中在18~45岁,已婚比例低,离婚及丧偶比例高,文化程度低,患者经济负担重,病情迁延,治疗负担重,建议加强和完善各级防治网络建设及社区精神卫生服务,加强重性精神疾病患者的管理,加大政府及公益资金投入.

关 键 词:重性精神疾病  流行病学  现状分析  荆门市

Present situation analysis on severe mental disorders in Jingmen City in 2013
Abstract:Objective To understand the epidemiological distribution ,lifestyle ,medical conditions and influencing factors of severe mental disorders in Jingmen City ,and to provide the basis for public health services ,community prevention and control work.Methods We issued the unified questionnaires to all the towns and townships ,community health service center on the mental and behavior disorders (ICD-10) and the Chinese classification and diagnostic criteria for mental disorders third edition (CC-MD -3) diagnostic criteria.Patients with suspected diagnosis were reviewed by psychiatric professional doctors.We checked and arranged the severe mental illness information in the national management sys-tem 2010-2013 ,exported information and made statistical analyzes.Results Totals of 9612 patients with severe mental illness were managed in 2010-2013 with the detection rate of 3.35‰.Schizophrenia (76.77% ) was the main disorder with the detection rate of 1.99 ‰.The rate of male:female was 1:1.125 ;18-44 years of age accounted for 54.23% ;married proportion accounted for 55.33% ;economic conditions in poverty accounted for 63.31% ;cultural level of illiteracy (24.15% ) , primary school (31.42% ) ,junior high school (34.16% );occupation to farmers (76.51% ) and jobless (20.89% );the course of disease was mainly over 10 years ;the rate of hospitalized and treatment on mental retardation were the lowest ( 28.78% ) in mental retardation associated with mental disorder patients ;somatic disea-ses and complications (66.15% ) and accident (28.46% ) were the main death factors.Conclusions Schizo-phrenia ,mental retardation associated with mental disorder ,bipolar disorder (affective disorder) are in the top three ,with women more than men ,aged in 18-45 years old mainly ,low proportion of married , high proportion of divorced and widowed ,low cultural degree ,heavy economic burden ,heavy persistent disease and treatment burden.We recommend to strengthen and improve the prevention and treatment of network construction and community mental health services ,to strengthen the management of severe mental disorders ,increase government and public investment funds.
Keywords:Severe mental illness  Epidmiology  Analysis on current situation  Jingmen City
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