氯胺酮用于神经外科手术瑞芬太尼麻醉后痛觉过敏的临床研究

目的 评价应用氯胺酮缓解神经外科手术瑞芬太尼麻醉后痛觉过敏的有效性和安全性.方法 选择神经外科开颅手术患者100例,随机分为氯胺酮组(50例)和对照组(50例).麻醉维持采用瑞芬太尼0.1～0.2μg·kg-1·min-1和丙泊酚泵注,吸人七氟醚.缝皮时静脉给予0.5 mg/kg氯胺酮或生理盐水.记录两组患者拔管和苏醒时间、要求镇痛的患者人数、曲马多用量和不良事件.分别于苏醒后15 min、30 min、60min、120 min进行疼痛视觉模拟评分、Ramsay评分.结果 氯胺酮组要求镇痛人数和曲马多用量低于对照组(P＜0.05);患者苏醒后15 min Ramsay评分氯胺酮组显著大于对照组(P＜0.01),30 min视觉模拟评分对照组高于氯胺酮组(P＜0.05).结论 神经外科开颅手术后使用氯胺酮,可以有效缓解瑞芬太尼所致的痛觉过敏.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the preventive effects of ketamine on patients with postoperative hyperalgesia after remifentanil-based neurosurgical anaesthesia.Methods 100 patients undergoing craniotomy were randomly divided into two groups: ketamine group ( n =50) and saline group ( n =50).The anesthesia was induced sevoflurane.Ketamine was given before skin closing for inhibiting remifentanil -induced postoperative hyperalgesia.The emergence time, trachea extubation time, VAS, Ramsay scores were recorded and the tramadol consumption were compared.Results Patients required analgesia and tramadol consumption in ketamine group were significantly lower than those in saline group.Pain VAS scores in saline group were significantly higher than those in ketamine group at 30 minutes after emergency ( P ＜0.05).The Ramsay score in saline group at 15 minute after emergency was lower than that in ketamine group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Ketamine could prevent postoperative hyperalgesia after remifentanil- based neurosuegical anaesthesia.

Effects of ketamine on patients with postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil-based neurosurgicai anaesthesia

Objective To evaluate the preventive effects of ketamine on patients with postoperative hyperalgesia after remifentanil-based neurosurgical anaesthesia.Methods 100 patients undergoing craniotomy were randomly divided into two groups: ketamine group ( n =50) and saline group ( n =50).The anesthesia was induced sevoflurane.Ketamine was given before skin closing for inhibiting remifentanil -induced postoperative hyperalgesia.The emergence time, trachea extubation time, VAS, Ramsay scores were recorded and the tramadol consumption were compared.Results Patients required analgesia and tramadol consumption in ketamine group were significantly lower than those in saline group.Pain VAS scores in saline group were significantly higher than those in ketamine group at 30 minutes after emergency ( P ＜0.05).The Ramsay score in saline group at 15 minute after emergency was lower than that in ketamine group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Ketamine could prevent postoperative hyperalgesia after remifentanil- based neurosuegical anaesthesia.