用药态度对精神分裂症患者治疗依从性和症状影响的1年随访研究

目的探讨精神分裂症整合治疗(心理社会干预合并药物治疗)的疗效,分析不同干预方式中用药态度对治疗依从性和精神症状的影响,探讨整合治疗疗效机制。方法 2012年至2015年间纳入170例精神分裂症患者,随机分为整合治疗组(86例)和常规药物治疗组(84例),整合治疗组给予常规药物治疗合并心理社会干预,常规药物治疗组仅给予常规药物治疗,入组3个月、6个月和12个月随访,分别采用用药态度量表(drug attitude inventory,DAI)、自知力问卷(self-awareness inventor,SAI)—治疗依从性量表、阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)评估用药态度、治疗依从性、临床精神病性症状。结果随访12月时,整合治疗组PANSS阳性症状和一般精神症状量表减分、DAI和SAI治疗依从性增分均高于药物治疗组(均P0.05),整合治疗组药物依从率高于药物治疗组(72.1%vs.45.2%,P0.01)。常规药物治疗组PANSS总分减分与DAI的增分呈正关联(β=0.31,P=0.02),且治疗依从性的改善中介二者之间的关系(β=0.18,P=0.18);而整合治疗组患者中,未发现DAI增分与PANSS总分减分之间的相关关系(P0.05),SAI—治疗依从性的增分与PANSS量表的阳性症状量表减分(r=0.31,P=0.01)和一般精神症状量表的减分(r=0.36,P0.01)呈正相关。结论本研究表明常规药物治疗组中,用药态度通过提高治疗依从性来改善精神性症状,整合治疗症状改善与治疗依从性改善有关,与用药态度可能无关。

Effects of drug attitudes on treatment compliance and psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia: an one year follow-up study

Objective To explore the effects of integrated treatment model (psychosocial interventions combined with drug therapy) in schizophrenia and analyze the influence of medication attitude on treatment compliance and psychiatric symptoms in different intervention models.Methods A total of 170 patients with schizophrenia were enrolled from 2012 to 2015.Patients were randomly divided into two groups:the integrated treatment group (86 patients) with drug therapy and psychosocial intervention,and the conventional drug treatment group (84 patients) with only drug intervention.Dug attitude inventory (DAI),self-awareness inventor (SAI),positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS) were used to assess medication attitude,treatment compliance and clinical psychotic symptoms for all patients in the following 3 months,6 months and 12 months.Results Compared with medication-alone group,the integrated treatment group achieved significant improvement in psychiatric symptoms,including positive symptom and general psychopathology as well as significant reduction in scores in DAI and SAI (P＜0.05).In the conventional drug treatment group,the PANSS score was positively correlated with the increased score of DAI (β=0.31,P=0.02),which was mediated by the improvement in treatment adherence (β=0.18,P=0.18).There was no significant correlation between PANSS score and the increase score of DAI in the integrated treatment group(P=0.62).However,the increased score of SAI was positively correlated with the positive symptom of PANSS scale (r=0.31,P=0.01) and with the general psychiatric symptom scale (r=0.36,P＜0.01).Conclusion This study demonstrates that medication attitude can improve the treatment of mental symptoms by increasing compliance in the medication-only group.Symptom improvement is associated with improved compliance but not with medication attitudes in the integrated treatment model.