颅脑外伤性尿崩症

报告１５例颅脑外伤性尿崩症，占同期颅脑损伤的４．７‰。１２例暂时性尿崩症，其中单纯颅底骨折者１１例，颅底骨折并轻度额叶底部挫裂伤１例；３例永久性尿崩症，１例发生于颞顶部硬膜外血肿术后，二例继发于额叶底部脑挫裂伤减压术后。颅脑损伤后、烦渴、多饮、每日尿量超过４０００ｍｌ，尿比重低于１．００６，可确诊。应与肾源性尿崩症鉴别，暂时性尿崩症可口服双氢克尿塞及对症治疗，能获治愈，永久性尿崩症应选用激素替代疗法、可控制症状．该症预后较佳。

Clinical study of trumatic diabetes insipidus

Fifteen cases of traumatic diabetes insipidusare reported in this paper. It was 4.7% of craniocerebral trauma in the corresponding period.The temporary diabetes insipidus was in 12 cases.The simplex fracture of the skull base was in 11,the fracture of base skull with mild contusion andlaceration in base of the frontal lobe was in 1.The perpetual diabetes insipidus was in 3, inwhich, the symptom developed after the operationof the epidural hematoma in one case, and in another two cases after the cerebral decompression. Itcan be diagnosed for diabetes inspidus if there are athirst, drinking heavily, and the amount of urine being more than 4000ml in one day, and thespecific gravity of urine lower than 1.006. It shouldbe differentiated from the nephrogenic diabetesinsipidus. The temporary diabetes insipidus can becured with taking hydrochlorothiazide orally. Theperpetual diabetes insipidus can be controlled withthe hormone replacement therapy, and it has afavorable prognosis.