广州市城乡55岁及以上人群痴呆患病率调查

目的调查广州市城乡≥55岁人口痴呆的患病率。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,将广州市12个区市分为老城区、新城区、郊区,根据各层≥55岁的人口数占广州市相应年龄段人口总数的比例确定各层应查人数,实查5276人。调查采用筛查和确诊两阶段法,按美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版的标准诊断痴呆。结果①查出痴呆患者183人,粗患病率为3.47%,其中阿尔茨海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆(VD)和其他痴呆的粗患病率分别为2.43%、0.85%和0.19%。年龄标化后的痴呆、AD和VD患病率分别为1.94%、1.28%和0.55%。②女性痴呆粗患病率高于男性(4.35%vs2.21%,P<0.001),二者的年龄标化患病率分别为1.12%、2.72%。痴呆患病率随年龄增长而上升。③农村人口的痴呆患病率(4.32%)高于城镇人口(3.27%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。④文盲者的痴呆患病率(6.17%)较小学(2.68%)和初中及其以上(1.41%)文化程度者高(P<0.001)。结论AD是广州地区老人中主要的痴呆类型,VD次之。老年期痴呆患病率随年龄的增长而升高。文化程度低者痴呆患病率较高。

The prevalence of dementia in urban and rural areas in Guangzhou

Objective To study the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease(AD) in urban and rural areas in Guangzhou. Methods This study was conducted among residents aged 55 years and over in urban and rural areas selected by stratified random sampling from three levels, including old city zone, new city zone, and suburb zone, of 12 districts and cities of Guangzhou. The number of the sample from urban and rural areas on each level was determined on the basis of the proportion of the population aged 55 years and over of each level to the population of Guangzhou city. The study design consisted of a screening stage in which each subject was interviewed by face to face with Mini-mental state examination and followed by a clinical assessment stage with a battery of neuropsychological examination on selected subjects on the basis of their performance on the screening tests. The clinical diagnosis of dementia and AD were made according to the Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder Fourth Edition and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Association Criteria. Results 5276 among 5662 subjects were interviewed, and the dropout rate was 6.8%. The prevalence rate of dementia was 3.47%. The prevalence of AD, vascular dementia(VD) and other dementia were 2.43%, 0.85% and 0.19% ,respectively. The prevalence of dementia in women (4.35%) was significantly higher than that in men (2.21%)(P<0.001). The prevalence of dementia in the residents with non-education(6.17%) was significantly higher than that of those with elementary education(2.68%) and with middle or high school(1.41%)(P<0.001). The prevalence of dementia increased consistently with advancing age. Conclusions AD and VD are top two kinds of dementia in Guangzhou. The prevalence of dementia is higher in women and among the non-educated residents.