散发性脑淀粉样血管病的危险因素及治疗方法的研究进展

散发性脑淀粉样血管病（cerebral amyloid angiopathy，CAA）是一种老年人中常见的颅内微 血管病。CAA相关病变（如脑出血、认知功能下降等）的发生主要包括淀粉样蛋白沉积于脑血管壁、 继发血管损伤两个重要过程，其危险因素包括ApoE 基因多态性等遗传因素和高血压病等非遗传因素。 免疫治疗和一些天然多酚类物质可防止脑血管内的淀粉样蛋白沉积，而控制高血压等非遗传危险因 素或使用依达拉奉能减轻CAA继发血管损伤。这些方法有望成为今后散发性CAA治疗的发展方向。

Research Advance in the Risk Factors and Treatment of Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common intracranial microangiopathy among the aged
people. The pathogenesis of CAA-related disorders, such as intracerebral hemorrhage, cognition
impairment and so on, consists of two steps: cerebrovascular amyloid deposition and secondary
vascular injury. The risk factors of CAA include ApoE gene polymorphisms and other genetic
factors, as well as hypertension and other non-genetic factors. Immunotherapy and some natural
polyphenols can prevent the cerebrovascular amyloid deposition, and the treatment of hypertension
or the use of Edaravone can attenuate secondary vascular injury. These approaches are promising
therapeutic targets for CAA.