非痴呆性血管性认知障碍的研究进展

血管性认知障碍（vascular cognitive impairment，VCI）是由脑血管病危险因素（如高血压、 糖尿病、高脂血症和高同型半胱氨酸血症等）、显性脑血管病（出血性及缺血性卒中）及非显性脑血 管病（脑白质疏松和慢性脑缺血等）引起的一组从轻度认知功能损害到痴呆的临床综合征。非痴呆 性血管性认知障碍（vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia，VCIND）是VCI的早期阶段，其中约一半 患者会在5年内进展为痴呆。血管性痴呆（vascular dementia，VD）在治疗上尚未发现行之有效的方法， 但又是唯一可以预防的痴呆。发现VCIND危险因素并进行早期干预，对于寻求延缓痴呆进展的二级 预防策略至关重要。现从VCIND的概念、流行病学、诊断标准及影响因素等方面进行综述，以期能够 早期识别相关危险因素，防治VCI。

The Research Progress of Vascular Cognitive Impairment-no Dementia

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a group of clinical syndromes from mild
cognitive impairment to dementia, caused by cerebrovascular disease risk factors (such as high
blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and high homocysteine levels, etc), the dominant
cerebrovascular disease (hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke) and the non-dominant cerebrovascular
disease (leukoaraiosis and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, etc). Vascular cognitive impairmentno
dementia (VCIND) is an early stage of VCI, of which about half of patients will progress to
dementia within 5 years. The effective treatment of vascular dementia (VD) has not yet been found,
but it's the only type of dementia that can be prevented. The discovery of risk factors of VCIND and
early intervention is critical for secondary prevention strategies seeking to slow or delay dementia
progression. The concept, epidemiology, diagnostic criteria and influencing factors of VCIND are
reviewed in order to identify relevant risk factors and prevent vascular cognitive impairmen