阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者听力学损害研究进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)是一种常见的睡眠障碍性疾病,长期的呼吸暂停和低通气可引起不同程度的低氧血症及高碳酸血症,继发组织缺氧,最终导致多器官功能损害,其中包括第8对颅神经-听神经的损害。临床观察中也发现了部分OSAHS患者出现了听力下降、耳鸣症状。本文在前人研究的基础上主要从四方面阐述OSAHS对听觉系统的损害:中耳压力的变化、胃食道反流对中耳的影响、缺氧对传导通路的损害、快速眼动时期(The rapid eye movement period,REM)剥夺引起微环境的改变。

Research Advances on Auditory Impairment in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is one of the common forms of sleep disorders.Prolonged apnea and hypopnea can lead to different degrees of hypoxemia and hypercapnia.Secondary hypoxia leads to multiple organ dysfunction eventually,including the auditory system.Clinical observations have found hearing loss and tinnitus in some OSAHS patients.Based on existing studies,this paper mainly expounds the damage to the auditory system caused by OSAHS from four aspects:change of middle ear pressure,effects of gastroesophageal reflux on middle ear,damage of the auditory pathway caused by hypoxia,and change of microenvironment caused by deprivation of rapid eye movement phase of sleep.