早产儿视网膜病变自然消退儿童的屈光研究

目的研究早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)自然消退儿童的屈光状态。方法回顾性病例对照研究,收集ROP自然消退儿童72例(144眼)为观察组,将该组儿童根据验光检查时年龄分为3组:矫正胎龄≤1岁,1岁矫正胎龄≤2岁,2岁矫正胎龄≤3岁。同时收集无ROP早产儿童180例(360眼)为对照组,也将该组儿童根据验光检查时年龄分为3组:矫正胎龄≤1岁,1岁矫正胎龄≤2岁,2岁矫正胎龄≤3岁。分别测量并比较观察组和对照组的三个不同年龄段儿童的屈光状态。结果观察组与对照组间的平均等效球镜度、平均散光度、近视比例、高度近视比例、远视比例、散光比例等指标的差异均无统计学意义。结论 ROP自然消退儿童3岁前的屈光状态与无ROP早产儿童无显著差异,均以正视和远视为主,仅有部分儿童呈近视状态,极少部分儿童呈高度近视状态。

Refractive study of children with spontaneous regression of retinopathy of prematurity

Objective To study the refractive status of children with spontaneous regression of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP). Methods This was a retrospective case-control study on 72 children(144 eyes)with spontaneous regression of ROP in the observation group, which was further divided into 3 groups based on the age of children at the time of the refraction test: Group 1, corrected gestational age(CGA)≤ 1 year; Group 2, 1 year < CGA ≤ 2 years; Group 3, 2 years < CGA ≤ 3 years. Simultaneously, 180 preterm children(360 eyes)without ROP were included in the control group, which was also divided into 3 groups according to the age of children at the time of the refraction test: Group 4, CGA ≤ 1 year; Group 5, 1 year < CGA ≤ 2 years; Group 6: 2 years < CGA ≤ 3 years. Refractive states of the children's eyes were measured and compared between the observation and control groups. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used for the counting data. A t-test was used for the measurement data. Results The average equivalent sphericity, average astigmatism, myopia ratio, high myopia ratio, hyperopia ratio, and astigmatism ratio had no statistical differences between groups 1 and 4, 2 and 5, and 3 and 6. Conclusion There were no significant differences in the refractive state between children with spontaneous regression of ROP and preterm children without ROP before 3 years of age. Most children had envisage and farsightedness, some had myopia, and a very few children had high myopia.