普通话双音节测听词表在不同年龄听力正常人中的检测结果分析

目的:观察普通话言语测听材料中的1组双音节词汇表在不同年龄段听力正常人中的检测结果。探讨不同年龄听力正常人的言语识别阈(SRT)以及言语识别率与给声强度间的关系(P-I函数曲线),为临床听力康复及言语能力的评估提供参考依据。方法:将受试者(听力正常人)120例分成4个年龄组,采用9张双音节词汇表作为言语测试材料,分别测试每组的SRT和言语识别率与给声强度间的关系(P-I函数曲线)。结果:各组SRT与平均听力阈值(PTA)基本一致。18～30岁组、31～40岁组和41～50岁组随着年龄的增长,PTA阈值变化不明显,仅51～60岁组PTA阈值明显增高(P<0.01)。18～30岁组、31～40岁组和41～50岁组SRT阈值随着年龄增长而提高(P<0.05),仅51～60岁组SRT阈值明显增高(P<0.01)。不同年龄组的P-I函数曲线平均斜率分别为5.8%/dB、4.7%/dB、3.8%/dB、2.9%/dB。结论:将9张双音节普通话测试词表应用于不同年龄段的听力正常人,获得4个不同年龄组的SRT和识别-强度函数曲线,随着年龄的增加,SRT阈值提高,平均斜率下降,51～60岁组的PTA及SRT阈值增高较明显。该结论为今后临床推广应用普通话言语测听材料提供了正常人言语听力的参考标准。

Analysis of disyllabic mandarin speech test results of normal hearing persons with different ages

Objective:To valuate test results of normal hearing persons with different ages using disyllabic mandarin speech test materials(MSTMs).Obtaining speech recognition threshold(SRT) and P-I function of different ages as clinical reference of hearing recovery and individual’s ability to perceive and process speech.Method:One hundred and twenty subjects with normal hearing who speak mandarin well in their daily lives were enrolled in this study and divided into four groups(18-30,31-40,41-50 and 51-60 years old).Nine lists of disyllabic mandarin speech test materials with equal difficulty were utilized to test each age group.Result:There are good agreement between SRT and mean PTA thresholds(at 0.5,1.0,2.0,and 4.0 kHz) in each age group.PTA thresholds have little change as age increasing in age group 18-30,31-40 and 41-50(P>0.05).PTA threshold of age group 51-60 increases more apparently compared with the other three groups(P<0.01).SRT thresholds of each age group increase as age increasing(P<0.05) and SRT threshold of age group 51-60 increases more apparently(P<0.01).Slopes of P-I function in each age group are 5.8%/dB,4.7%/dB,3.8%/dB,2.9%/dB respectively.Conclusion:Nine lists of disyllabic MSTMs were used to test normal hearing persons in different ages and SRT and P-I function of four different age groups were obtained.As age increases,SRT increases and slope of P-I functions decreases.PTA and SRT thresholds of age group 51-60 increase more apparently.The SRT and P-I functions provide reference data of normal hearing for utilizing of disyllabic mandarin speech test materials clinically.