在生气和害怕声音情绪暴露下新生儿事件相关电位的初步研究

目的 应用事件相关电位（ERP）技术，研究足月儿生后早期能否分辨生气和害怕的声音。方法 选取出生7 d内的足月儿，在睡眠状态下进行实验。采用oddball模式对害怕（出现频率为80%）和生气（出现频率为20%）的“dada”声音进行播放，并按照国际标准10-20系统电极放置法，采集大脑皮质额中央区（FC3、FC4）和中央顶区（CP3、CP4）处的脑电信号。同时应用振幅整合脑电图（aEEG）监测睡眠周期。从情绪、电极位置和睡眠周期3个方面对新生儿ERP波幅、失匹配反应（MMR）波峰潜伏期和MMR波幅进行分析。结果 31例随访至生后6月龄神经发育正常的新生儿纳入本文分析，男16例，女15例。31例新生儿大脑皮质不同电极位置在活动睡眠（AS）期和安静睡眠（QS）期时，生气和害怕情绪语音刺激后均产生了ERP。在AS期FC3、FC4处，生气和害怕语音刺激后的300~500 ms产生了MMR波，FC3和FC4处MMR波幅分别为（1.64±0.55）μV和（2.70±0.62）μV。在QS期FC3、FC4、CP3和AS期CP3和CP4，两种语音刺激产生的ERP波幅差异无统计学意义。结论 新生儿大脑皮质额中央区在AS期能够分辨不同情绪的语音，而在QS期不能够进行分辨。提示足月儿生后大脑皮质已具备分辨不同情绪语音的功能。

Preliminary study of event-related potential under the exposure of angry and fearful emotion vocal in neonates

Abstract ObjectiveTo study whether the neonates can distinguish different kinds of emotional (angry and fearful) vocal，utilizing the method of event-related potential (ERP).Methods Neonates born in the first 7 days were selected and tested during sleep. The oddball paradigm was used to distribute the fearful (the frequency of occurrence was 80%) and angry(the frequency of occurrence was 20%) vocal (“dada”). The electroencephalogram was recorded at frontocentral area of cerebrum (FC3/FC4) and centroparietal area (CP3/CP4) in accordance with the method of electrode placement of international standard 10-20 system. Meanwhile, the amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) technique was used to monitor the sleep cycle. Finally，the influence of mood/sleep cycle/electrode position on the ERP amplitude, the latency and amplitude of mismatch response (MMR) peak were analyzed.Results A total of 31 cases of neonates with normal neurological outcome at 6 months were examined (16 boys and 15 girls）. The ERP emerged at different electrode locations during different sleep cycle, after angry and fearful vocal stimuli in the 31 cases. The MMR wave was observed in active sleep(AS) state at FC3/FC4, after 300 to 500 ms of the different emotional stimulations. And the amplitude of MMR for (1.64±0.55) μV FC3, (2.70±0.62)μV for FC4 (η2≥0.14, P<0.01). There was no obviously different response during quiet sleep (QS) period or at CP3/CP4.Conclusion The neonates could distinguish different kinds of emotional vocal at their frontocentral cortex in AS state, while couldn′t in QS state. It implies that the cerebral cortex of term newborns may exist the ability to distinguish different kinds of emotional vocal.