中国北方城市健康儿童排便模式的流行病学调查

目的 对中国北方城市健康儿童的排便习惯进行流行病学调查,探讨儿童排便功能异常的界定范围.方法 应用分层、整群随机抽样方法对中国北方5市(包括北京、天津、沈阳、吉林和哈尔滨)的19 286例儿童进行问卷调查,详细记录与排便习惯相关的各种因素,分析其中15 652例健康儿童的排便频率、大便性状、排便时间以及排便费力等情况.结果 在15 652例健康儿童中,每日排便1次者占76.17%,平均排便次数为7.96次/周,大便为成形软便和半成形便占78.66%.95.33%的健康儿童排便为每周3次至每日2次成形软便和半成形便;93.08%的儿童排便时间少于30min;97%的儿童无排便费力;排便频率和性状无性别和年龄差异.结论 正常儿童排便模式为:排便次数为每周3次至每日2次,大便性状为成形软便和半成形便;排便时间少于30min;无排便费力.超越此界限者可怀疑排便异常,建议去儿童胃肠门诊做进一步证实.

Epidemiologic survey of bowel habits in normal children in the north of China: a population-based prospective study

Objective To investigate the pattern of bowel habits in normal children in the North of China. Methods A screening program for bowel habits in children was carried out in 5 northern cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin) of China. Random clustered sampling of the inhabitants was carried out under stratification of the city, zone and school or school nursery. Totally, 20000 questionnaires were distributed and 19638 were retrieved. According to self-decided exclusive-criteria, the range of healthy children was established. Among the children investigated, 15652 met the criteria of normal children. Frequency, consistency, stool behavior and the complications were analyzed. Results The average frequency of defecation was 7. 96 times per week, with no difference in the sex or age (P＜0. 05). The frequency of forming stool and soft feces between 3 times per week and 2 times per day was noted in 95.33% of healthy children. In 84. 26% of the children, frequency of defecation was between 3 times per week and 2 times per day with forming soft or semi-formed stool.In 98. 80% of the healthy children, there was no difficulty in defecation. Conclusions The normal defecation pattern of children in the north of China is that the frequency of defecation between 3 times per week and 2 times per day, the duration of defecation should be less than 30 minutes and no difficult defecation should happen. Children who do not meet the abovementioned pattern should be suspected as abnormity in defecation and need to go to gastrointestinal clinic for further examinations.