早产儿侵袭性真菌感染药物预防策略的研究进展

新生儿重症监护病房中早产儿的侵袭性真菌感染（invasive fungal infection，IFI）发生率较高，且早期临床诊断困难，一旦发生，病情重，疗程长，花费高，病死率较高，预后差。因此预防IFI尤为重要。目前临床常选氟康唑作为预防早产儿IFI的一线药物，但具体剂量、疗程尚不统一，使用对象及预防效果也存在争议。该文对近年来新生儿重症监护病房中药物预防早产儿IFI的研究进展进行综述，供临床医生参考。

Recent research on pharmacological prevention strategies for invasive fungal infection in preterm infants

There is a relatively high incidence rate of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and early diagnosis of IFI is difficult in clinical practice. The patients developing IFI tend to have severe conditions, a long course of treatment, high hospital costs, high mortality, and poor prognosis, and therefore, the prevention of IFI is of particular importance. At present, fluconazole is often used as the first-line drug for the prevention of IFI in preterm infants, but no consensus has been reached on the specific dose and course of treatment, and there are still controversies over the targeted population and prophylactic effect. This article reviews the recent research on the pharmacological prevention strategies for IFI in preterm infants in the NICU, so as to provide a reference for clinicians.