Williams综合征儿童早期运动发育特征

目的 分析Williams综合征（Williams syndrome，WS）儿童的早期运动发育情况，为临床早期干预提供依据。 方法 对2018年9月至2021年8月间59例0~24月龄的WS儿童的临床资料进行回顾性分析，其中男40例，女19例。根据Peabody运动发育量表（Peabody Developmental Motor Scale Ⅱ）测试结果，分析不同年龄患儿的运动发育情况。 结果 男女儿童月龄和运动商的比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。<6月龄组、6~<12月龄组、12~<18月龄组和18~24月龄组的粗大运动商分别为94±5、78±11、71±8、63±8，精细运动商分别为94±5、80±10、74±9、65±9，粗大运动商和精细运动商随着月龄增长逐渐下降（P<0.05）。<6月龄组、6~<12月龄组、12~<18月龄组和18~24月龄组的粗大运动发育异常率分别为0%、53%、87%、93%，精细运动发育异常率分别为0%、47%、67%、93%，粗大运动和精细运动发育异常率均随月龄增长而上升（P<0.05）。 结论 6个月以内WS儿童未表现出明显的运动能力落后，但随年龄增长其运动能力逐渐降低，运动发育迟缓率逐渐增加。因此必须做好该人群运动能力的随访工作，早期制订干预策略以减少运动发育迟缓的发生。 中国当代儿科杂志，2022，24（9）：984-987］

Early motor development in children with Williams syndrome

Objective To study the early motor development of children with William syndrome (WS). Methods The medical data of 59 children with WS (40 males and 19 females) aged 0-24 months from September 2018 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the test results of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale II, the motor development ability of the children of different ages was analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in age and motor quotient between boys and girls (P>0.05). For the age groups of <6 months, 6 to <12 months, 12 to <18 months, and 18 to 24 months, the gross-motor quotients were 94±5, 78±11, 71±8, and 63±8, respectively, and the fine-motor quotients were 94±5, 80±10, 74±9, and 65±9, respectively. Both the gross- and fine-motor quotients significantly decreased with age (P<0.05). For the above age groups, the rates of gross-motor abnormalities were 0%, 53%, 87%, and 93%, respectively, and the rates of fine-motor development abnormalities were 0%, 47%, 67%, and 93%, respectively. The rates of gross- and fine-motor development abnormalities increased significantly with age (P<0.05). Conclusions Children with WS have no obvious motor delays within 6 months of age, but present with decreasing motor ability and an increasing incidence of motor delays with age. Therefore, it is necessary to follow up their motor abilities and provide early intervention to decrease the incidence of motor developmental delays.