刺五加皂甙、水飞蓟素和红景天皂甙对大鼠运动能力和糖原合成的影响

目的:验证刺五加皂甙、水飞蓟素和红景天皂甙对运动训练大鼠糖原合成的作用,观察其对大鼠运动能力和生长发育的影响。方法:72只雄性SD大鼠被随机分为6组:安静对照组、训练对照组、训练+小剂量刺五加皂甙(250mg·kg-1·d-1)组、训练+大剂量刺五加皂甙(500mg·kg-1.d-1)组、训练+红景天皂甙(500mg·kg-1·d-1)组和训练+水飞蓟素(50mg·kg-1·d-1)组,各给药组每天训练后30～40min分别给予相应药物灌胃,在给药的同时,给予蔗糖水溶液2g·kg-1·d-1;安静对照组和训练对照组同时给予等体积的含等量蔗糖的水溶液。训练组大鼠完成6天负重2%的递增负荷游泳训练,各组大鼠休息3天后,训练组大鼠负重3%游泳至力竭,记录各训练组大鼠力竭时间。休息4天后,各训练组大鼠最后完成5天负重3%的游泳训练,末次训练后22小时内处死全部大鼠,并测定相关指标。结果:(1)与训练对照组比较,除红景天皂甙组实验后体重显著降低外,其它用药组在各项形态指标(身长、体重、肥胖评定指数、附睾周围脂肪垫重量等)上均无显著差异;(2)红景天皂甙组和大剂量刺五加皂甙组游泳至力竭的时间显著长于训练对照组;(3)大剂量刺五加皂甙组的比目鱼肌糖原和肝糖原含量都显著高于训练对照组,小剂量刺五加皂甙组肝糖原含量与运动训练组相比虽有升高趋势但无显著差异;红景天皂甙组和水飞蓟素组的糖原含量与训练对照组无显著差异。结论:刺五加皂甙和红景天皂甙有利于提高大鼠运动能力,提示刺五加和红景天中的皂甙类化合物可能是其抗运动性疲劳功能的有效成分。刺五加皂甙能提高训练大鼠肌糖原和肝糖原水平,但有剂量依赖性,这可能是它提高运动耐力的机制之一。

Effects of Acanthopanax Senticosus, Silymarin and Salidroside on Exercise Ability and Glycogen Synthesis in Rats

Objective To estimate the security of acanthopanax senticosus, silymarin, and salidroside, and to verify the effects of the three medicines on muscle glycogen synthesis and exercise ability. Methods 72 male rats were divided into 6 groups: a sedentary control group (SCG), a training control group (TCG) and four experimental groups (EG) in which sucrose 2 g·kg -1 or corresponding medicine(acanthopanax senticosus 250 or 500mg·kg -1·d -1,or salidroside 500mg·kg -1·d -1, or silymarin 50mg·kg -1·d -1) together with sucrose 2 g·kg -1 were supplied 30～40minutes after training. Swimming 90min per day with loading of 2% body weight for 6 days followed by a three-day rest, the exercise ability of animals were tested by swimming to exhaustion with loading of 3% body weight. Resting for four days, the rats completed a five-day swimming training with loading of 3% body weight (one hour per day). At 22 hours after last training, the animals were killed. Results No side effects were found during the entire experiment. All of the morphological variables (including the values of body weight, length, Lee index, and epididymis fat pad weight) were not different significantly between TCG and four EG, except the EG supplied with salidroside having lower post-experiment values and net increasing body weight as compared with that of TCG. The time of swimming to exhaustion of the rats supplied with salidroside or acanthopanax senticosus at high-dose was significantly longer than that of TCG. The glycogen contents in soleus muscle and liver of the rats supplied with acanthopanax senticosus at high-dose were increased significantly as compared with the values of TCG. Conclusions Acanthopanax senticosus or salidroside could improve exercise ability, and acanthopanax senticosus could increase the level of glycogen in skeletal muscle and liver.