A new analytical cut-off point for determining 18 years of age using MRI on medial clavicular epiphysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Law, Institute of Legal Medicine (AgEstimation Project), University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy;2. Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB 58051900, Brazil;3. Department of Radiological Sciences, Ospedali Riuniti, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy;4. School of Law, Legal Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy;5. Department of Forensic Medicine, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation;6. AgEstimation Project, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Molise, Italy;1. DNA Fingerprinting Unit, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Department of Home (Police), Govt. of MP, Sagar 470001, India;2. DNA Division, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Rajasthan, Jaipur 302016, India;3. Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284128, UP, India;1. School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China;2. Judicial Expertise Center of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China;1. Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany;2. Diagnostic Centre Göttingen, Radiological Clinic, Göttingen, Germany;3. Institute for Forensic Medicine, University of Essen, Essen, Germany;1. Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Field of Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;2. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Field of Human and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;3. Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, 454 Bosomworth HSRB, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;4. Department of Gross Anatomy, Field of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;5. Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;1. Tokat State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey;2. Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty Hospital of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey;3. Ankara City Hospital of Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey;4. Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey;5. Biostatistics Department, Medical School of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey;6. Department of Radiology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital of Health Sciences University, Antalya, Turkey;7. Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty of Bahçe?ehir University, Istanbul, Turkey;1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119991, St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bldg., Moscow, Russia;2. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh 160030, India;3. Department of Medical and Criminalistic Identification of the Federal State Institution 111, Main State Centre for Forensic Medicine and Forensic Medicine of the Ministry of Defence of Russia, Russia;4. Department of Forensic Medicine, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119991 St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bldg., Moscow, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Evaluation of the ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis plays a key role in forensic age estimation. The purpose of the present study was to assess a new numerical cut-off at the age of 18 years, taking into consideration Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the medial clavicular epiphysis. We analyzed 163 MR scans of Italian subjects aged between 14 and 25 years. Using the data obtained we calculated two ratios: REM-1 (ratio between the length of the whole epiphysis and the length of the metaphysis) and REM-2 (ratio between the length of epiphyseal-metaphyseal fusion and the length of the metaphysis). In 68 out of 163 cases it was not possible to measure REM-2. The reproducibility was demonstrated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.80). REM-1 and REM-2 were compared in each category of age (adult and minor) by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The cut-off points for measurements of REM-1 and REM-2 were determined by logistic regression. For REM-1, the cut-off scores were 0.83 for all individuals (accuracy = 94.77%) and males (accuracy = 96.05%), and 0.86 for females (accuracy = 92.30%). For REM-2, the cut-off values were 0.40 for all individuals and males (accuracy = 100.00%), and 0.41 for females (accuracy = 100.00%). Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for age classification based on REM-1 and REM-2 were constructed, showing that REM-2 had the highest discriminative power. Thus, a new cut-off model for predicting the age of majority has been introduced, conducting a quantitative analysis thanks to the use of a high-resolution imaging tool. |
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| Keywords: | Age estimation Magnetic resonance imaging 18 years Medial clavicular epiphysis Cut-off point Logistic regression |
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