多巴胺受体与肿瘤的关系研究进展

多巴胺是一种存在于哺乳动物中枢神经系统中的儿茶酚胺类神经递质，参与调节体内多种重要的生理活动，如情绪、内分泌等，主要通过与相应的多巴胺受体结合发挥其生理作用。多巴胺受体为G蛋白偶联受体，广泛分布于体内各种器官和组织细胞。目前研究显示，多巴胺受体广泛表达于多种肿瘤细胞，影响肿瘤细胞的发生、发展和转移等。针对这一特性，部分影响多巴胺受体表达的药物如甲硫哒嗪已被应用于肿瘤尤其是垂体瘤的基础研究和临床，现已成为泌乳素瘤的首选治疗方法。但是，多巴胺受体在恶性肿瘤中的作用到底是促癌，还是抑癌，仍然存在争论。作者综述了多巴胺受体与多种肿瘤的关系。

Advances in the study of the relationship between dopamine receptors and tumors

Dopamine is a kind of catecholamines neurotransmitters present in the central nervous system of mammals. It is involved in the regulation of various important physiological activities, such as mood and endocrine, which play a physiological role through the combination with the corresponding dopamine receptors. Currently studies have shown that dopamine receptors are widely expressed in many tumor cells, affecting the occurrence, development and metastasis of tumor cells and so on. In view of this characteristic, some of the drugs that affect the expression of dopamine receptors such as methylthiopyridazine have been applied to basic research and clinical research of tumors, especially pituitary tumors, and have now become the preferred treatment for prolactinoma. However, the role of dopamine receptors in malignant tumors in the end is to promote carcinogenesis, or inhibit carcinogenesis, there is still controversy. This paper systematically reviews the relationship between dopamine receptors and multiple tumors.