模拟潜艇舱室环境甲苯对大鼠脑生化过程的影响

目的 探讨潜艇舱室环境中甲苯的神经毒作用机制，研究甲苯对大鼠神经生化改变的影响。方法 健康成年雄性SD大鼠75只随机均分为空白对照组、赋形剂组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组，染毒组腹腔注射不同剂量的甲苯（隔日注射1次），赋形剂组注射同体积的橄榄油，空白对照组不加任何处理。染毒30天后，将大鼠断头处死，取海马和皮层测定NOS、NO、MDA、Na^＋ -K^＋ -ATP酶、ROS和谷氨酸水平。结果 高剂量组海马区NO含量、NOS活性及MDA含量均显著高于对照组（P〈O．01），而皮层区NO含量、NOS活性、MDA含量各组间均皆无显著差异。大鼠海马区及皮层区ROS含量、Na^＋ -K^＋ -ATP酶活性、谷氨酸含量各组间均无显著性差异。大鼠脑区（皮层和海马）中N0含量与NOS活性（r=0．7254，P〈0．001）及MDA含量（r=0．6291，P〈0．001）均显著相关。结论 甲苯可引起大鼠脑生化发生改变。

Effect of toluene in submarine-simulating environment on biochemical alteration of rat brain

Objective In order to elucidate neurotoxic actions of toluene in the air of submarine, the effect of toluene on biochemical alteration in the brain was studied in rat. Methods Adult healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly grouped into five groups (blank control group, excipient group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group). Toluene-exposed rats were administered with toluene in different doses (once a time every other day). Rats of excipient group were given olive oil with the volume as same as toluene. Nothing was given to rats of blank control group. 30 days later, all rats were sacrificed and the hippocampus and cortex were harvested for determination of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), Na~ -K~ -ATPase, reactive oxygen substances(ROS) and glutamic acid levels. Results NO content and NOS activity of rat's hippocampus in high dose group increased significantly compared with that of control group, and NO content was significantly positively correlated to NOS activity (r=0.7254, P<0.001). There were no significant differences in contents of NO and NOS of brain cortex among all groups. Glutamic acid content of the hippocampus increased with the increase of the chemical dose and was well correlated to NO content. But no alteration in Na~ -K~ -ATPase and ROS was found. Conclusion Toluene could produce biochemical alterations in the brain of rats exposed to the chemical.