军事飞行员对比敏感度的分布特征

目的 探讨军事飞行员对比敏感度(CS)检查的结果分布特征.方法 应用美国Vector Vision公司生产的CSV-1000对比敏感度仪检查空军飞行员73例(146眼)明视、暗视和暗视眩光条件下不同空间频率(3、6、12、18cpd)的CS,分别对性别、眼别、机种不同空间频率的CS结果进行比较.结果 飞行员CS在中频区(6cpd)最高.左右眼比较、歼击机与运输机飞行员比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).明视、暗视、暗视眩光CS依次呈下降趋势,除低频(3cpd)和高频(18cpd)暗视和暗视眩光比较差异无统计学意义,其他情况均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).女飞行员CS在多个频段均好于男飞行员,仅明视12cpd和18cpd差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论本调查客观反映了军事飞行员CS的分布特征,为临床航空医学研究提供了较可靠的数据.

Distributional characteristics of contrast sensitivity in military pilots

Objective To explore the distributional features of contrast sensitivity(CS) in military pilots.Methods The CS of 73 pilots(146 eyes) was recorded with CSV-1000(Vector vision Corp,USA) under photopic,scotopic and scotopic+glare environments.The different spatial frequencies(3,6,12,18cpd) were compared in terms of gender,eyes and aircraft type.Results The CS of military pilots was best at the spatial frequency of 6cpd.There was no significant difference between right and left eyes,and the aircraft types(fighter and transporter).The CS to all spatial frequencies declined in the order of photopic,scotopic and scotopic+glare environments.The CS to 3cpd and 18cpd in scotopic and scotopic+glare conditions showed no statistical difference,while significant difference was found in all the other conditions(P<0.05).The CS to various spatial frequencies was better in females than in males(P<0.05),with an exception of photopic 12cpd and 18cpd.Conclusion The spatial characteristics of CS in military pilots were reflected by present study,and it may provide a reliable reference for aviation medicine.