北京社区老年人群超重/肥胖与慢性疾病关系的调查

目的　调查北京社区老年人超重/肥胖的发生率与慢性疾病的关系。方法　随机抽取 134个社区共计 15 13位老年人进行了横断面调查 ,详细调查病史并全面查体 ,测量体重指数等。结果　北京社区老年人超重和肥胖率分别为 4 8 9%和 12 8% ,仅有 36 5 %的人体重正常。各种慢性病的发病率为 :高血压病 4 8 0 % ,冠心病 4 5 0 % ,糖尿病 4 4 9% ,脑血管病 10 2 % ,高脂血症 4 9 5 % ,慢性支气管炎18 9% ,慢性肾功能不全 3 4 % ,胆结石 4 8% ,脂肪肝 4 7 9% ,痔疮 4 2 % ,白内障 4 9 2 % ,前列腺肥大 5 2 8% ,高尿酸血症 17 1%。超重 /肥胖者高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病、高脂血症、高尿酸血症和脂肪肝的发病率明显高于正常体重者 (P <0 0 1)。多因素回归分析显示 ,体重指数与高尿酸血症和脂肪肝呈显著正相关 (P <0 0 1) ,与高血压病和冠心病亦非常接近正相关。结论　北京社区老年人超重 /肥胖情况较为严重 ,并且与多种慢性疾病的发病有密切关系。

Investigation of the relationship between body mass index and chronic diseases in the elderly of Beijing community

Objective To investigate the incidence and distribution of over-weight and obesity and the relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and the chronic diseases in the elderly of community in Beijing. Methods The medical check-up data of 1513 elderly inhabitants randomly selected from the 134 communities in Beijing were analyzed. Results The proportions of old people with overweight and obesity were 48.9% and 12.8% respectively, and 36.5% of them were having normal body weight. The incidence of hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and fatty liver were significantly higher in the over-weight and obese people than that of people with normal BMI. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated highly with hyperlipidemia and fatty liver (P<0.01), and also positively correlated with coronary heart disease and hypertension. Conclusion The incidence of over-weight and obesity is very high in the elder population of Beijing, and over-weight and obesity are correlated significantly with several chronic diseases.