纳米制剂及纳米材料在放射性核素促排中的应用

放射性突发事件造成的放射性核素内污染，严重危害人体健康，促排剂的研发和及新技术的应用可减少核素产生的内照射的损伤。纳米制剂较传统制剂具有提高药物溶出度、靶向和定位释药、易穿过生物膜屏障等优点。近年来很多学者针对不同促排药物，采用不同的纳米制剂形式，包括纳米微粒、纳米脂质体、纳米乳等进行相关研究，以期达到更好的临床应用效果。性能优异的纳米材料具有高效快速吸附、高生物相容性等优点，在放射性核素促排中的应用越来越广泛。本文结合国内外相关文献，将核素内污染按核素沉积的不同部位和组织器官进行分类，介绍了相关纳米制剂及纳米材料在放射性核素促排中的应用，为后续进一步研究提供参考。

Application of nanoformulations and nanomaterials in the decorporation of radionuclides

Internal contamination of radionuclides in the event of nuclear emergencies can lead to serious harm to human health. The research and development of radionuclide chelating agents and the application of new technologies can reduce the internal damage caused by radionuclides. Compared with traditional preparations, the nano-preparations have the advantages of improving drug dissolution, targeting and positioning drug release, and easily passing through biofilm barrier. In recent years, many scholars have used different nano-preparation forms for different decorporation drugs, including nanoparticles, nano-liposomes, nano-emulsions, etc., to conduct related research in order to achieve better clinical application effects. Nanomaterials with excellent properties have the advantages of high efficiency, rapid adsorption and high biocompatibility, etc., and have been used more and more widely in radionuclide decorporation. In this paper, combined with the relevant literatures at home and abroad, the internal contamination of radionuclides is classified according to nuclide-deposited sites of tissues and organs, and the applications of related nanoformulations and nanomaterials in radionuclide decorporation are introduced in order to provide reference for further research.