新疆克州静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素及发病特征分析

目的研究克州静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）的危险因素和发病特征。 方法分析我院近3年收治的VTE患者的临床资料。根据是否与住院及手术相关，分为医院相关性VTE（HA VTE）和社区相关性VTE（CA VTE）。调查患者的VTE危险因素，分析不同部位类型的下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）合并下腔静脉血栓或肺血栓栓塞症（PTE）的差异。 结果共纳入81例VTE患者，其中CA VTE 63例，HA VTE 18例，前者是后者的3.5倍。CA VTE的危险因素以肥胖（28.57%）、创伤或骨折（19.05%）、卧床（17.46%）为主，尚有15.87%的病例未能明确危险因素。HA VTE的危险因素以外科手术（66.67%）为主，其中又以骨科（6例）、妇产科手术（2例）最为常见。左下肢、右下肢、双侧下肢DVT的构成比分别为62.96%、34.57%、2.47%，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。合并PTE的概率，双侧下肢DVT为100%，右下肢为32.14%，左下肢为13.72%，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论克州地区CA VTE较HA VTE常见，前者的主要危险因素是肥胖、创伤或骨折、卧床，后者为外科手术，并以骨科、妇产科手术最为常见。

Risk factors and characteristics of venous thromboembolism in Xinjiang Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors and characteristics of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture. MethodsThe clinical data of VTE patients in our hospital in recent 3 years were analyzed. Hospital associated VTE (HA-VTE) and community associated VTE (CA-VTE) are classified according to whether they are related to hospitalization and surgery. The risk factors of VTE in patients were investigated, and the differences of rate of inferior vena cava thrombosis or Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE) in Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) with different locations were analyzed. ResultsA total of 81 VTE patients were enrolled, including 63 cases ofCA-VTE and 18 cases of HA-VTE, the former was 3.5 times higher than the latter. The risk factors of CA-VTEwere obesity (28.57%), trauma or fracture (19.05%), bed rest (17.46%), and no risk factors were identified in 15.87% of the cases. The risk factors of HA-VTE were surgery (66.67%), and orthopedic surgery (6 cases) and obstetrics and gynecology surgery (2 cases) are the top tow. The proportions of left, right and bilateral DVT were 62.96%, 34.57% and 2.47%, respectively, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The probability of PTE combination in bilateral, right, left DVT was 100%, 32.14%, 13.72%, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). ConclusionsCA-VTE is more common than HA-VTE in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, the main risk factors of CA-VTE are obesity, trauma or fracture, and bed rest, while surgery is the first common risk factor of HA-VTE in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture.