幼儿气管支气管异物低剂量MSCT重组成像的诊断价值

目的：探讨64层螺旋CT低剂量扫描重组成像对幼儿气管支气管异物的诊断价值。方法：36例临床怀疑气管支气管异物并行低剂量螺旋CT扫描的幼儿,记录每位患儿的平均有效剂量（mGy）;将容积数据进行多平面重组（MPR）、最小密度投影（MinIP）和仿真支气管镜（VB）成像,32例MSCT检查证实或高度怀疑异物者后24h内行硬支气管镜检查;并将两者结果进行对比,评价MSCT诊断的优势及局限性。结果：硬支气管镜证实气管支气管异物32例,MSCT均得到准确诊断,异物位于右主支气管16例,左主支气管10例,中间段支气管3例,叶支气管2例,双侧支气管1例,MSCT与传统支气管镜检查结果一致,32例异物并发肺气肿24例,阻塞性肺炎18例,肺不张4例;图像质量好的25例（69.4%）,符合诊断要求的7例（19.2%）,不能达到诊断要求的4例（11.4%）;MPR与MinIP、VB间比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,MinIP与VB间无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,MPR能多角度清晰显示段以上气管支气管异物并能显示肺部并发症,优于其它两者,可弥补横断面图像的不足。结论：幼儿气管支气管异物MSCT低剂量扫描能满足诊断,准确评估异物大小、位置、形态及肺部并发症,能减少不必要的支气管镜检查及弥补X线胸片的不足。

Value of Low-dose Multi-slice CT with Post-processing Techniques in the Diagnosis of Endo-tracheal/Bronchial Foreign Bodies of Children

Objective:To evaluate the value of low-dose multi-slice CT(MSCT) with post-processing techniques in the diagnosis of endo-tracheal /bronchial foreign bodies in children.Methods:36 pediatric patients with clinically suspected endo-tracheal /bronchial foreign bodies underwent low-dose MSCT scanning.The mean effective dosage of radiation(mGy) was measured for all patients.Post-processing techniques including multiplanar reformation(MPR),minimum intensity projection(MinIP) and virtual bronchoscopy(VB) were perf...