妊娠期哮喘患者疾病管理及用药情况的调查分析

目的了解妊娠期哮喘患者哮喘控制及药物使用的情况,分析妊娠期哮喘控制不佳的原因。方法通过对41例诊断为哮喘的妊娠期女性进行问卷调查,收集其目前哮喘控制水平、药物使用情况、吸入装置与吸入技巧、用药依从性、对疾病和药物的认识、影响哮喘控制的因素等情况,根据答题结果分析。结果根据哮喘控制问卷评分,"良好控制"占39.0%;"部分控制"+"未控制"占61.0%。在妊娠期间,34.1%患者有过至少1次因哮喘急性发作门/急诊就诊或入院治疗。20.0%患者能正确吸入药物,52.6%患者用药依从性较好。39%患者认为吸入激素对胎儿危害会大于哮喘,61.0%患者分不清楚缓解药和控制药。影响哮喘控制原因中,48%患者担忧激素会对胎儿影响,无患者选择经济因素。结论妊娠期哮喘控制欠佳,药师参与妊娠哮喘患者管理有望提高其控制水平。

Investigation and Analysis of Disease and Medication Management in Asthma Patients during Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE To assess the asthma control and medication use in patients with asthma during pregnancy,and analyze the causes of poor asthma control during pregnancy. METHODS Through a questionnaire survey on 41 pregnant women diagnosed as"asthma",the level of asthma care,drug use,inhalation technique of inhalation device,medication compliance,understanding of disease and drug,factors affecting asthma control were collected and analyzed according to the results of the questionnaire. RESULTS According to the score of asthma control test,good control rate was 39. 0%,partial control and uncontrolled rate was 61. 0%. During pregnancy,34.1% of the patients had at least one outpatient/emergency treatment or hospitalization for acute asthma attack. Only 20.0%of the patients with good inhalation skills,and 52.6% of them had good medication compliance. 39% of the patients believed that the harm of inhaled corticosteroid to the fetus would be greater than the benefit of asthma control,and 61. 0% of the patients could not distinguish between relievers and control drugs. 48% of patients were worried about the influence of corticosteroid on fetus,and no one chose economic factors. CONCLUSION Asthma during pregnancy is under uncontrolled. Pharmacist ’ s participation in the management of asthma during pregnancy is expected to improve the control level.