格列酮类降糖作用研究进展

格列酮类化学上属于噻唑烷二酮类化合物。格列酮类增加靶组织对胰岛素的敏感性,降低胰岛素抵抗,是一类新型口服降糖药,被称之为胰岛素增敏剂。格列酮类对正常动物和Ⅰ型糖尿病模型无降糖作用,对遗传胰岛素抵抗模型和人工胰岛素抵抗模型疗效佳。胰岛素抵抗的研究需要正糖夹技术进行检测,正糖夹的评价指标主要是平衡状态下的葡萄糖输注速率。格列酮类降糖作用机制目前认为与过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体有关,格列酮类作用于PPARγ,间接参与胰岛素的信号传导,导致增强胰岛素的效应,但确切机制尚未清楚。

Advance of glitazones on hypoglycemic effect

Chemically Glitazones belong to Thi-azolidinediones. Glitazones enhance the sensitivity of target tissues to insulin and reduce insulin resistance. They, celled insulin sensitizers, are a new class of oral hypoglycemics. These agents can't reduce the blood glucose values either in normal animal or I type diabetic animal, but do have good effects on spontaneous diabetic animal and artificial insulin resistance animal. The research on insulin resistance needs euglycemic clamp for determination and the main index of assessing euglycemicclamp is glucose infusion rate in stable state. So far, the hypoglycemic mechanism of glitazones has been believed to be associated with PPARs(Peroxi-some Proliferator-Activated Receptors ). Gli-taziones act on PPAR Y, play an indirect part in insulin signal transduction and enhance the action of insulin. However, the precise mechanism still remains unknown.