海洋药物及其研发新进展

海洋来源的药物在人类与疾病的长期斗争中发挥了重要的作用，“向海洋要药”在新世纪已成为各国政府的共识、研究人员奋斗的目标。本文对截止2017年底国内外已获批上市的海洋药物进行了归纳总结，并重点介绍了欧美等发达国家和我国已上市小分子药物的药物来源、结构、最新药理作用、临床功效和用途、以及研发历程。此外，介绍了国内外进入各期临床研究阶段的67个候选海洋药物，本文以salinosporamide A和河豚毒素为代表，重点介绍了当前处于临床研究阶段的海洋药物的最新进展。

Recent Progress on Marine Drug Research and Development

Marine-derived drugs play important roles in solving human health problem. In the new century, governments and medical researchers around the world are engaged in finding new medicines from the ocean. According to 2017 statistics, there are 13 small molecular marine drugs approved by USA Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, or Japan Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. In this paper, the drug sources, chemical structures, pharmacology, new clinical effects and applications, and development history of these 13 marine drugs are reviewed. In addition, there are 67 drug candidates in clinical trials all over the world, including salinosporamide A and tetrodotoxin. The recent progress on the development of salinosporamide A and tetrodotoxin as examples is also reviewed in this paper.