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The Impact of Patient Access to Their Electronic Health Record on Medication Management Safety: A Narrative Review

Institution:	Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Prince Abdullah Bin Khalid Celiac Disease Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract:	IntroductionAs the American’s Federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) stated that patients should be allowed to review their medical records, and as information technology is ever more widely used by healthcare professionals and patients, providing patients with online access to their own medical records through a patient portal is becoming increasingly popular. Previous research has been done regarding the impact on the quality and safety of patients’ care, rather than explicitly on medication safety, when providing those patients with access to their electronic health records (EHRs).AimThis narrative review aims to summarise the results from previous studies on the impact on medication management safety concepts of adult patients accessing information contained in their own EHRs.ResultA total of 24 studies were included in this review. The most two commonly studied measures of safety in medication management were: (a) medication adherence and (b) patient-reported experience. Other measures, such as: discrepancies, medication errors, appropriateness and Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) were the least studied.ConclusionThe results suggest that providing patients with access to their EHRs can improve medication management safety. Patients pointed out improvements to the safety of their medications and perceived stronger medication control. The data from these studies lay the foundation for future research.

Keywords:	Electronic medical records Electronic health record Patient participation Patient access and medication management ACOVE"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0030"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Assessing Care Of Vulnerable Elders ADE"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0040"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Adverse Drug Events CI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0050"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Confidence Interval EHR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0060"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Electronic Health Record HIPAA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0070"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"American’s Federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act HIV/AIDS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0080"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome LMR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0090"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Longitudinal Medical Record MHV"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0100"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"MyHealtheVet OR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0110"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Odds Ratio OTC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0120"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"over-the-counter PAERS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0130"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Patient Access to Electronic Records System PCP"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0140"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Primary Care Physician PDC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0150"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Proportion of Days Covered PG"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0160"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Patient Gateway PHR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0170"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Personal Health Record RCT"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0180"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Randomised Controlled Trial RR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0190"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Relative Risk SPARO"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0200"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"System Providing Access to Records Online UK"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0210"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"United Kingdom USA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0220"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"United States of America VA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0230"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Veterans Affairs WDS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0240"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"WellDoc System
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