Repurposing of parenterally administered active substances used to treat pain both systemically and locally |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy;2. Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;3. Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;4. Patheon Italia SPA, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ferentino, Italy;5. President Elect, PDA Italy Chapter;6. Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;7. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;8. Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy |
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Abstract: | Pain is a constant in our lives. The efficacy of drug therapy administered by the parenteral route is often limited either by the physicochemical characteristics of the drug itself or its adsorption–distribution–metabolism–excretion (ADME) mechanisms. One promising alternative is the design of innovative drug delivery systems that can improve the pharmacokinetics |(PK) and/or reduce the toxicity of traditionally used drugs. In this review, we discuss several products that have been approved by the main regulatory agencies (i.e., nano- and microsystems, implants, and oil-based solutions), highlighting the newest technologies that govern both locally and systemically the delivery of drugs. Finally, we also discuss the risk assessment of the scale-up process required, given the impact that this approach could have on drug manufacturing.Teaser: The management of pain by way of the parenteral route can be improved using complex drug delivery systems (e.g., micro- and nanosystems) which require high-level assessment and shorten the regulatory pathway. |
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Keywords: | Abridged application Complex drug delivery system Extended profiling Formulation Market exclusivity Injection Risk assessment |
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