一种筛选抗过敏药与止痒药的动物模型

探讨以4-氨基吡啶(4-AP)诱发小鼠舔体反应作为筛选抗过敏药与止痒药动物模型的可能性。4-AP1mgkg^-1颈背部sc能诱发小鼠舔体反应。抗过敏药与止痒药苯海拉明、多塞平、强的松、地塞米松、肤轻松、皮炎平、色甘酸钠、酮替芬等均能明显抑制此种反应。硝苯地平与米诺地尔也有效。西米替丁与雷尼替丁无效。吗啡与地西泮能拮抗4-AP的这一作用,镇静剂量的巴比妥类与阿司匹林则无拮抗作用。研究表明,以4-AP诱发小鼠舔体反应的方法简便易行,指标明确,可作为筛选抗过敏药与止痒药的一种动物模型。

AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR SCREENING OF ANTIALLERGIC AND ANTIPRURITIC DRUGS

Aminopyridine(4-AP)1 mg·kg^-1)sc at the scruff induced a licking response inmice. Antiallergic and antipruritic drugs,such as diphenhydramine HCl (20 mg· kg^-1)ip),doxepin(12.5 mg·kg^-1)ig),prednisone(10 mg·kg^-1)ig),dexamethasone(10 mg·kg^-1)ip),fluocinolone(applied to the surface of skin),Pi Yan Ping(applied to the surface of skin),disodium cromoglicate(400 mg·kg^-1)ip),ketotifen(1 mg·kg^-1)ip),etc.markedly inhibited the licking response elicited by4-AP. The ealcium antagonist nifedipine(500 mg·kg^-1)ig)and the potassium channel openerminoxidil(400mg· kg^-1)ig ) preduced the same inhitrltory effect; H₂-receptor antagonist cimetidine(200 mg·kg^-1)ip)and ranitidine(150 mg· kg^-1) ip)showed no effect. Morphine HCl (10 mg· kg^-1)ip)and diazepam(0.02 mg·kg^-1)ip) exhibited antagonistic effect on the licking response induced by4-AP,but phenoberbital(25 mg·kg^-1)ip),I1entobarbital(15 mg·kg^-1)ip)and aspirin(306 mg·kg^-1)ig)did not.These results indicate that many antiallergic or antipr uritic drugs inhibited the lickingrespon se induced by 4-AP. The method of licking response elicited by 4-AP has the merit of simplicityand convenience and may be used for screening antiallergic and antipruritic drugs.