儿童感染肺炎链球菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的：分析儿童肺炎链球菌（SP）对常用抗生素的耐药情况。方法采用法国梅里埃公司的VITEK 2 Compact全自动细菌鉴定仪对本院2013年儿童感染SP分离情况及抗菌药物敏感性进行回顾性的分析。结果痰液、咽拭子为SP主要标本来源，分别占96.4%和2.9%；在280株SP中对常用抗菌药物的耐药率有普遍上升趋势，其中对红霉素、四环素、复方新诺明的耐药率较高（〉80%），对青霉素类和三代头孢类的耐药率较低（〈40%），对氯霉素、泰利霉素和美罗培南的耐药率更低（〈10%），对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、厄它培南和氟喹诺酮类均无耐药性。结论加强对SP的耐药性检测，以指导临床医生制定合理有效的治疗及用药方案。

Distribution of children-infected streptococcus pneumoniae and drug resistance analysis

Objective To analyze the drug resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae（SP） to commonly used antibiotics in children. Methods Retrospectively analyzed the separation of children-infected SP and the resistance to antibiotics using VITEK 2 compact automated bacterial identification system provided by French Merieux. Results Sputum and throat swab specimens were the main source of SP, accounting for 96.4%and 2.9%respectively;the 280 strains of SP showed a generally increased trend in drug resistance to commonly used antibiotics, higher resistance rates were observed for erythromycin, tetracycline and trimoxazole （〉80%）, the rate of resistance to penicillin and third generation cephalosporins was low （〈40%）, resistance to chloramphenicol, meropenem and telithromycin rates lower （〈10%）, no evidence of resistance to linezolid, vancomycin, imipenem and fluoroquinolones. Conclusion Strengthened test for the drug resistance of SP can guide clinicians to make rational and effective treatment and medication.