香港特有止泻中药材红党参的化学和分子生物学鉴定

目的鉴定香港特有止泻中药材红党参的基源植物和表面红色物质。方法将红党参的5SrRNA基因间隔区序列和HPLC色谱指纹谱与正品党参5SrRNA基因间隔区序列和HPLC色谱指纹谱进行比较研究;将红党参表面红色物质的X-衍射光谱与中药赤石脂X-衍射光谱进行比较研究。结果红党参的HPLC色谱指纹谱和党参药材具有相同的特征色谱峰;红党参的5SrRNA基因间隔区序列与党参正品之一的素花党参（Codonopsis pilosula var.modesta）的5SrRNA基因间隔区序列最为相似;红色物质的X-衍射光谱与中药赤石脂X-衍射光谱完全相同。结论红党参的基源是素花党参（Codonopsis pilosula var.modesta）的根,红党参表面的红色物质是传统中药赤石脂（Halloysitum Rubrum）。红党参是素花党参根用中药赤石脂炮制而成,科学名可定为Radix Codonopsis Praeparata Halloysita Rubra。

Chemical and molecular characterization of Hong Dangshen, a unique medicinal material for diarrhea in Hong Kong

Aim To investigate the plant origin and the identity of the red substance on the surface of Hong Dangshen, a unique me- dicinal material for diarrhea in Hong Kong. Methods The HPLC fingerprints and 5S rRNA gene spacer sequences of Hong Dangshen were obtained and compared with those of genuine species of Radix Codonopsis. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red substance was analyzed and compared with that of Halloysitum Rubrum. Results Hong Dangshen showed very similar HPLC fingerprints to the Codonopsis species and the highest similarity to Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta in terms of 5S rRNA gene spacer sequences. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red substance was consistent with that of Halloysitum Rubrum. Conclu- sion The source plant of Hong Dangshen was suggested to be Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta, one of the genuine original plants of Radix Codonopsis (Dangshen) in the China Pharmacopoeia (2005 edition). The red substance on the surface of Hong Dangshen was indicated to be Halloysitum Rubrum, a traditional medicinal mineral for chronic diarrhea. Our data suggest that Hong Dangshen is derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta which has been processed with Halloysitum Rubrum, and the name is suggested to be Radix Codonopsis Praeparata Halloysita Rubra.