环磷酰胺衍生物SLXM-2对小鼠肝癌H_（22）细胞的DNA损伤作用

化合物SLXM-2是一种环磷酰胺衍生物,前期研究已经证实其具有良好的肿瘤抑制作用,并具有较低的毒副作用。但是其作用机制尤其是对细胞DNA的损伤作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在评价SLXM-2对肝癌H22腹水小鼠的生命延长作用与DNA损伤的关系,并探讨可能的分子机制。实验结果证实,SLXM-2能够显著提高肝癌H22腹水小鼠的生命延长率（P〈0.05）。进一步实验表明,SLXM-2能够造成肝癌H22细胞DNA损伤,显著上调γH2AX（Ser139）,p-Chk1（Ser296）,p-Chk2（Thr68）,p-p53（Ser15）,p-p53（Ser20）和p21的蛋白表达,并显著下调p-ATR（Ser428）和p-ATM（Ser1981）的表达（P〈0.05）。总之,SLXM-2对肝癌H22细胞具有显著的抑制作用,分子机制与其能够造成肿瘤细胞DNA损伤有关。

DNA damaging effect of SLXM-2, a derivative of cyclophosphamide,on hepatocarcinoma H22 cells in vivo

Compound SLXM-2, a derivative of cyclophosphamide （CTX）, has shown potent growth-inhibitory effect on tumor cells with low toxicity in previous studies. However, the mechanism of its anti-tumor effect, especially on DNA damage, remains largely unclear. This study investigated the effect of SLXM-2 on the survival time of mice transplanted with the ascitie fluid-type hepatocarcinoma 22 （H22）. We also evaluated the correlation between DNA damaging effect of SLXM-2 and its anti-tumor effect, and to probe the possible molecular mechanism for its effect on H22 cells. The results suggested that SLXM-2 significantly （P〈0.05） prolonged the survival time of mice bearing the ascitic fluid-type H22. Furthermore, SLXM-2 induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner in H22 cells. Further investigation revealed that SLXM-2 significantly （P〈0.05） up-regulated the expression levels of a series of DNA damage-related proteins, such as γH2AX （Ser139）, p-Chkl （Ser296）, p-Chk2 （Thr68）, p-p53 （Ser15）, p-p53 （Ser20） and p21, and down-regulated the expression of p-ATR （Ser428） and p-ATM （Ser1981）. In conclusion, SLXM-2 showed a remarkable anti-tumor activity on ascitic fluid-type H22 cells, and its molecular mechanism is related to its DNA damaging effect.