NLRP3炎症小体与心房颤动的研究进展

心房颤动（AF）是临床最常见的快速性心律失常，其发生机制尚未完全阐明，而炎症反应增强常与AF的发生发展相关。核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域受体蛋白3（NLRP3）作为近年研究最为广泛最具特征性的炎症小体，参与诸多非感染性炎性反应。有证据显示其与心房重构、心肌纤维化密切相关，以此入手可为阐明AF的上游机制提供新的理论基础和研究靶点。本文简述了NLRP3的特性及信号传导途径，从基础和临床研究两方面总结了NLRP3与AF的相关性，并对未来NLRP3拮抗剂的应用作出了展望。

Advances in NLRP3 inflammasome and atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia in clinic, but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated, and the increased inflammatory response is often associated with the occurrence and development of AF. As the most widely studied and characteristic inflammatory body in recent years, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein3 (NLRP3) inflammasome participates in many non-infectious inflammatory reactions, while more evidences show that NLRP3 is closely related to atrial remodeling and myocardial fibrosis, which may provide a new theoretical basis and research target for the upstream mechanisms of AF. In this paper, the characteristics and signal transduction pathways of NLRP3 are briefly described, the correlation between NLRP3 and AF is summarized from both basic and clinical studies,and the future application of NLRP3 antagonist is prospected.