长期住院精神分裂患者QTc间期延长影响因素分析

目的 探讨长期住院精神分裂症患者校正QT期间(QTc间期)延长的影响因素。方法 选取医院2017年3月1日至9月1日住院2年及以上的精神分裂症患者550例,调查内容包括一般社会人口学及临床相关资料,检测患者的心电图,记录QTc值。以QTc间期延长与否分组,对患者一般资料行χ^2检验,以多元回归分析导致QTc延长的因素。结果 550例患者中,56例(10.18%)患者存在QTc间期延长;延长组与非延长组患者的性别(χ^2=5.713,P<0.05)、年龄(χ^2=6.475,P<0.05)、用药情况(χ^2=3.873,P<0.05)有显著差异;男性(β=0.213,P<0.05)、年龄(β=0.296,P<0.05)和第1代抗精神病药物对QTc间期延长(β=0.789,P<0.05)影响较明显。结论 长期住院精神分裂症患者QTc间期延长发生率较高,其延长受性别、年龄、第1代抗精神病药物影响较明显。临床应予重视,防止猝死。

Prevalence of QTc Interval Prolongation and Its Influencing Factors in Long Stay Inpatients with Schizophrenia

Objective To explore the influencing factors of the QTc interval prolongation in patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods A total of 550 patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized for two years or more from March 1 to September 1,2017 in the hospital were selected.The survey included general sociodemographic and clinical-related data;the electrocardiogram of the patients was detected,and the TTC value was recorded.The patients were divided into groups with or without QTc interval prolongation,and the general data of patients were subjected to aχ^2 test.Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the factors leading to the extension of the QTc.Results Among the 550 patients,56(10.18%)had QTc interval prolongation;the gender(χ^2=5.713,P<0.05),age(χ^2=6.475,P<0.05),and medication(χ^2=3.873,P<0.05)of the patients in the prolonged and non-prolonged groups showed significant differences;males(β=0.213,P<0.05),age(β=0.296,P<0.05),and the first generation of antipsychotic drugs(β=0.789,P<0.05)had significant effect on the QTc interval prolongation.Conclusion The prevalence of QTc interval prolongation in patients with long hospitalized schizophrenia was high and QTc interval prolongation was positively associated with male,age and first-generation antipsychotic drugs.Thus,psychiatrists should pay attention to QTc interval prolongation related adverse events to prevent their sudden death.