中药注射剂不良反应74例分析及合理应用

目的观察中药注射剂不良反应（ADR）的发生率及合理应用措施。方法回顾分析2006年1月-2008年8月我院及广东湛江中心人民医院上报的中药注射剂ADR报告表74份，并按照患者性别、年龄、过敏史、所涉药品、ADR临床表现及转归等项目进行统计分析。结果74例ADR患者中男性33例（44，59％），女性1l例（55．41％）；有家族史、过敏史12例（16．22％）；〉60岁老年人ADR发生率占39．19％（29／74），〈10岁年龄段人群占1．35％（1／74）；双黄连注射液发生ADR比例为17．57％（13／74），其次为刺五加注射液14．86％（11／74）和参麦注射液13．51％（10／74）；本组涉及皮肤及附件损害最多，占41．89％（31／74），其次为消化系统13．51％（10／74）和心血管系统10．81％（8／74）；74例患者发生ADR后均无严重并发症出现。结论中药注射剂发生ADR的因素众多，临床医师应该严格掌握适应证及用药原则，并根据患者的具体情况合理选择应用。

Analysis on adverse reaction of traditional chinese medicine injection and its reasonable application:74 cases report

Objective To invesgate the rate of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine and the measures of reasonable application. Methods 74 reports of ADR with traditional Chinese drug in our hospital and the Guangdong Zhanjiang center people the hospital from January in 2006 to Augest in 2008 were reviewed, and the gender, age, hypersensitiveness history, used drugs, clinical manifestation of ADR and turnover were analysed statistically. Results There were 33 cases （44. 59% ） of males and 41 cases（55.41% ） of female. And there were 12 cases（ 16.22% ） with family and hypersensitiveness history. The rate was 39.19% （29/74） in olders whose ages were more than 60 years and 1.35% （1/74） in those whose ages were less than 60 years. The rate of ADR was 17.57% （29/74） in shuanghuanglian injection, and 14.86% （11/74） in acanthopanacis senticos injection and 13.51% （10/74） in shenmai injection. The lesion of skin and its accompaniments was the most（41.89% ,31/74）, and the next was digestion system（ 13.51%, 10/74） and cardiovascular system（ 10.81% ,8/74）. All of cases were not with serious complication after ADR. Conclusion The remote causes of ADR were more, so the doctors must grasp the indication and medication principle, and choose the traditional Chinese medicine reasonably according to the informations of patients.