中药奇蒿提取物体外抗菌活性的实验研究

目的研究中药奇蒿80%乙醇粗提取物及其石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取物对临床常见菌种的抗菌活性。方法对中药奇蒿进行系统性分离提取,以80%乙醇粗提取物和石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取物进行体外药敏实验,序贯使用纸片扩散法和常量肉汤稀释法,选用临床常见的致病菌株,包括金黄色葡萄球菌（标准型ATCC25923）、大肠埃希氏菌（标准型ATCC25922）、铜绿假单胞菌（标准型ATCC27853）、无乳链球菌（临床型）、粪肠球菌（临床型）、福氏志贺菌（临床型）和痢疾志贺菌（临床型）。结果奇蒿80%乙醇粗提取物对痢疾志贺菌的最小杀菌浓度（MBC）为25 mg/ml;奇蒿氯仿提取物对大肠埃希氏菌的MBC为6.25 mg/ml,对金黄色葡萄球菌的MBC为12.5 mg/ml;奇蒿乙酸乙酯提取物对福氏志贺菌、痢疾志贺菌、无乳链球菌的MBC均为6.25 mg/ml,对金黄色葡萄球菌的MBC为12.5 mg/ml;奇蒿正丁醇提取物对无乳链球菌的MBC为12.5 mg/ml,对痢疾志贺菌的MBC为25 mg/ml;石油醚提取物未对测试的细菌表现出明显的抗菌活性。结论奇蒿不同提取物对临床多种致病菌表现出了良好的杀菌作用,在抗感染治疗领域具有较好的开发和应用前景,其有效单体及杀菌机制有待进一步研究发现。

Antibiotic tests of different polar extracts of Artemisia anomala in vitro

Objective The antibiotic tests of different polar extracts of Artemisia anomala S.Moore in vitro.Methods The antibiotic tests of different polar extracts of AASM in vitro were performed by using Kirby-Bauer method and broth dilution method.Results The minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC) of 80% ethyl alcohol extract of Artemisia anomala S.Moore is 25 mg/ml for Shigella dysenteriae.The MBC of chloroform extract is 6.25 mg/ml for Escherichia coli.The MBC of chloroform extract is 12.5 mg/ml for staphylococcus aureus.The MBC of acetic ether extract is 6.25 mg/ml for Shigella flexneri,Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus agalactiae.The MBC of acetic ether extract is 12.5 mg/ml for staphylococcus aureus.The MBC of butanol extract of is 12.5 mg/ml for Streptococcus agalactiae.The MBC of butanol extract is 25 mg/ml for Shigella dysenteriae.Petroleum ether extract did not show significant antibacterial activity.Conclusion Different polar parts of Artemisia anomala S.Moore on a variety of clinical pathogenic bacteria showed good bactericidal effect in vitro.Thus,at the anti-infective therapeutic areas there are great prospects for development and application.The effective monomer of Artemisia anomala and its bactericidal mechanism needs further study.