广州社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知行为调查研究

目的了解社区人群对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的认知行为情况,为制定COPD干预措施提供依据。方法采取多级抽样的策略,在广州荔湾区简单随机抽取2个街道,在每个街道再简单随机抽取2个社区,在每个社区再采用简单随机方法,抽取700例40岁及以上居民,进行COPD认知行为的横断面调查。入选的人群采用经过信度和效度检验的自制的认知行为问卷调查进行调查。结果抽查的700人中,630例(90.0%)完成认知行为调查问卷,只有46.3%(292/630)人听说过COPD,42.2%(266/630)不知晓慢性支气管炎和肺气肿的危险因素。人群吸烟率为40%(252/630),男性吸烟率为75.5%(209/277),女性吸烟率为12.2%(43/353);其中现吸烟率为26.3%(166/630),仅35.0%(59/166)的现吸烟者准备戒烟。46.0%(290/630)人长期有被动吸烟史。人群中仍有22.4%(141/630)不知道吸烟的危害,14.8%(93/630)的人觉得可以在公共场所吸烟。结论广大民众COPD防治知识贫乏,防治意识差,需要加强COPD宣传教育和防治。

The Cognitive-behavioral Research about Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the current status of knowledge and activity to COPD, providing evidence of targeted intervention on COPD in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of COPD was conducted in two communities which were sampled from Guangzhou City, using multiple-stage sampling strategy. In the selected community, all residents at least 40 years old were randomly recruited, and interviewed with self-made questionnaire that was tested having a good reliability and validity. Results In the 700 participants, 630 had completed questionnaire with a response rate of 90.0%; only 46.3%（292/630） had a idea of COPD, and 42.2%（266/630） did not known any risk factors of COPD. The percentage of smoking was 40%（252/630）, with 75.5%（209/277） in male and 12.2%（43/353） in female, and the prevalence of current smoking was 26.3%（166/630）. Among current smokers, 35.0%（59/166）planed to quit smoking. 46.0%（290/630）of subjects were exposed to environmental cigarettes smoke. 22.4%（141/630） of participants had nothing about smoking harmfulness, and 14.8%（93/630） of them thought it was permitted to smoke in public place. 73.3%（462/630）of subjects wanted to received health education, and 93.7%（548/585）liked to get the knowledge of the prevention of COPD. Conclusion Subjects had considerably poor knowledge of prevention and management for COPD in community. Therefore, an enforced prevention and health education for COPD are urgent.