3种乌头类中药在大鼠体内外的神经毒性

目的 考察几种常见乌头类中药的神经毒性.方法 采用体内、外给药的方法,大鼠连续90 d经口给予生川乌和生草乌,检测其对大鼠神经行为、血液、血液生化及脑组织的影响;采用大鼠胚胎海马神经元体外培养的方法,研究生川乌、生草乌和生附子对神经细胞的体外毒性.结果 经口给予生川乌和生草乌后,大鼠的神经行为、血液与血液生化指标无变化,脑组织检查未见异常;体外试验结果表明,生川乌、生草乌及生附子对大鼠海马神经元具有一定毒性,呈剂量效应关系,毒性强度为生草乌＞生川乌＞生附子.结论 乌头类中药在大鼠整体动物试验中未见神经毒性作用,但在海马神经元体外培养模型中,表现出神经毒性,这可能与血脑屏障及体内代谢有关.

Neurotoxicity of aconite in vivo and in vitro

OBJECTIVE To study the neurotoxicity of aconite.METHODS SD rats were orally administered with Radix Aconiti(RA) and Radix Aconiti kusnezoffii(RAK) per day for 90 days.At the end of dosing and recovering period,animal behavior,hematology,clinical chemistry and brain histopathology were measured.The hippocampal neurons of embryo rats were cultured for 4 days before treatment with the extract from RA,RAK or Radix Aconiti lateralis praeparata(RALP).Neuron survival was measured by MTT assay after being exposure to aconite extract for 24 hours in vitro.RESULTS The behavior,hematology,clinical chemistry,brain histopathology of the rats treated with aconite extract showed no difference with control.Aconitum extract showed toxicity to hippocampal neuron in vitro,and the rank of inhibitory effect was: RAK>RA>RALP.CONCLUSION Aconite showsd no neurotoxicity in in vivo test,however,they showed neurotoxicity in dose-dependent manner in primary cultured neurons.Such difference may be related to blood-brain barrier and metabolizing.