Insecticide and fungicide effect on thermal and olfactory behavior of bees and their disappearance in bees’ tissues |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, ul. Pigonia 1, Rzeszów 35-310, Poland;2. Interdisciplinary Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 2, Kolbuszowa 36-100, Poland;3. Laboratory for Translational Research in Medicine, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, College for Medical Sciences of University of Rzeszow, ul. Kopisto 2a, Rzeszow 35-959, Poland;4. Interdisciplinary Centre for Computational Modelling, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, ul. Pigonia 1, Rzeszów 35-310, Poland;5. Institute of Material Engineering, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, ul. Pigonia 1, Rzeszów 35-310, Poland;6. Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland;7. Retired, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, ul. Pigonia 1, Rzeszów 35-310, Poland;1. Toxicology laboratory, Raymond Poincaré hospital, AP-HP, Garches, France;2. MasSpecLab Platform, UMR1173, Inserm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France;3. Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches, France;4. Paris Ouest Research Clinic Unit, Ambroise Paré hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France;1. Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China;2. The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China;3. Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China;1. Çukurova University, Biotechnology Center, Adana, Turkey;2. Çukurova University, Vocational School of Imamoglu, Adana, Turkey;3. Ad?yaman University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, Ad?yaman, Turkey;1. Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia;2. Departamento de Biología, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Avenida Gran Colombia No. 12E–96B, Colsag, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia |
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| Abstract: | Plant protection products may affect the behavior of organisms which are not a target of control. The effect of Karate Zeon 050 CS (λ-Cyhalothrin -based insecticide; λ-CBI) and Amistar 250 SC (Azoxystrobin-based fungicide; ABF) was determined on Apis mellifera worker attraction towards their own colony odour, along with temperature preferences. Bees exposed to pesticides prefer the environment with the odour of their nest less often than the control group, and that insecticide-treated bees chose warmer environments than the control insects. The observed differences in the bees, especially with attraction towards their own colony, were dependent on the time of day. Chromatographic analyses indicated that λ-Cyhalothrin elimination was half that of Azoxystrobin in bee organisms, and both agents retarded each other’s clearance. Mathematical modeling estimated that despite a relatively high disappearance rate, both compounds might have been bio-accumulated at relatively high level. |
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| Keywords: | Own colony odour Ambient temperature λ-Cyhalothrin Azoxystrobin Residue disappearance |
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