吗啉硝唑注射剂在普通外科的临床应用及安全性调查分析

目的：调查吗啉硝唑注射剂的临床实际应用及安全性，为其临床合理应用提供参考。方法：采用回顾性研究方法，选取2020年11月至2021年4月天津市第一中心医院使用吗啉硝唑注射剂的普通外科住院患者病历，对其性别、年龄、用药情况、疗效、药物不良反应（ADRs）等相关信息进行分析评价。结果：共纳入有效病例144例，应用吗啉硝唑预防感染17例，治疗感染127例。给药剂量500 mg bid，平均用药时间（9.4±；5.2）d。22例（15.28%）患者单独使用吗啉硝唑注射液治疗，117例（81.25%）患者联用1种抗菌药物，5例（3.47%）患者联用2种抗菌药物。共有156例次不合理用药，涉及115例患者，存在的主要问题为联合用药不合理、用药疗程不当、用药指征错误等。临床治疗有效率和ADRs发生率分别为86.6%、13.19%。主要ADRs为肝功能异常、恶心呕吐、白细胞降低、血小板升高等。结论：吗啉硝唑不良反应与说明书及临床研究报道基本相近。临床应用时须避免盲目性联合用药，疗程不宜过长，以提高疗效、减少不良反应，增加用药安全性。

Clinical applications and safety evaluations of morinidazole in general surgery department

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical application and safety of morinidazole to provide references for rational drug use.METHODS From November 2020 to April 2021,retrospective reviews were conducted for clinical data of 144 general surgical inpatients using morinidazole through hospital information system(HIS).Gender,age,dosing regimen,efficacy and adverse drug reactions(ADRs)were analyzed. RESULTS Among them,the objective was for preventing infections(n=27)and treating infections(n=127).The standard dosage(500 mg bid)was applied for an average duration of(9.4±5.2)days.The regimens were morpholinidazole injection alone(n=22,15.28%),antibacterial monodrug(n=117,81.25%)and dual antibacterial agents(n=5,3.47%).A total of 156 cases of irrational medication involved 115 patients.Inappropriate medications were mostly attributed to unreasonable combination,extended therapeutic course and wrong indications.The clinical treatment response rate and the incidence of ADRs were 86.6% and 13.19% respectively.Major ADRs included abnormal liver function,nausea & vomiting,leucopenia and elevated platelet count. CONCLUSION ADRs associated with morinidazole in this study are similar to those reported in its package insert and clinical trials.In clinical practices,greater attention must be paid to avoiding blind combinations and treatment course should not be too extended to improve the efficacy,reduce adverse reactions and boost the safety of medications.