中国居民对仿制药的认知及其相关因素的调查和分析

目的:了解居民对于仿制药的认知,并探索可能影响其认知的相关因素,为设计干预措施以促进仿制药的合理替代使用提供理论支持。方法:依托全国医药信息网建立的36个分网单位,获取居民对仿制药的认知与行为意向的线上问卷调查数据。结果:15 046份问卷显示,有16.9%的居民对仿制药的概念完全不了解;13.22%的人不知道自己所使用的药物是原研药还是仿制药;64.04%的人表示接受使用任何仿制药,75.47%的人表示对于过评仿制药将接受使用。居民"使用过评仿制药的意愿"在不同地区、患慢性病种数、医保类型、性别、年龄、学历、居住地和月收入的组别中存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:当前中国居民对仿制药的了解和关注程度较低,认知存在偏差;相较于未过评仿制药,居民对过评仿制药更为认可。建议中国完善仿制药的科普宣传体系,在持续推进仿制药一致性评价的同时,做好过评药品临床疗效的监测工作。

Analysis of Chinese residents’ cognition of generic drugs and its related factors

OBJECTIVE To investigate Chinese residents’ cognition of generic drugs and explore the factors that may affect their cognition,which could provide theoretical support for formulating intervention measures to promote the rational use of generic drugs.METHODS Relying on 36 sub-network units established by National Medical Information Network,the online questionnaire data of Chinese residents’ cognition of generic drugs was obtained.RESULTS 15 046 questionnaires showed that 16.9% of the residents did not know about generic drugs at all.13.22% of the residents did not know whether the drugs they were using were original or generic drugs.64.04% of the residents were willing to accept any generic drugs.75.47%of the residents were willing to accept generic drugs which passed the consistency evaluation.There were significant differences in the willingness of the residents to use genericdrugswhichhave passed the consistency evaluation in regions,the number of chronic diseases,the type of medical insurance,gender,age,education,place of residence and monthly income(P<0.05).CONCLUSION At present,Chinese residents have a low level of understanding and attention to generic drugs,and there are some deviations in their cognition.Compared with the generic drugs which did not pass the consistency evaluation,Chinese residents are more appreciative of generic drugs which have passed the consistency evaluation.It is suggested that we should further improve the popularization of generic drugs,and do a good job in monitoring the clinical efficacy of generic drugs.