处理方法和提取溶剂对松针提取物抗氧化活性的影响

目的：探究处理方法和提取溶剂对松针提取物活性物质含量和抗氧化活性的影响。方法：利用分光光度法检测了不同干燥方法和不同萃取溶剂制备的松针提取物的总多酚和总黄酮含量，同时分别测定其抗氧化活性。结果：（1）经不同干燥方法处理的松针样品的活性物质含量及其抗氧化活性存在较大差异（差异有显著性，P<0.05），均呈现热风干燥 > 冷冻干燥 > 晾晒干燥的顺序；（2）虽然纯化水萃取的松针样品的提取率高于乙醇水溶液，但总多酚含量、总黄酮含量、DPPH自由基清除率和羟自由基清除率的结果均显示：乙醇水溶液优于纯化水；（3）相关性分析结果显示，松针样品的活性物质含量均与其抗氧化活性呈正相关，总多酚含量与抗氧化活性的相关系数（R²=0.965 7，0.952）高于总黄酮含量与抗氧化活性的相关系数（R²=0.780 4，0.758 6）。结论：为确保松针中较高的活性物质含量及抗氧化活性，建议采用鼓风加热干燥和乙醇溶剂萃取的方法制备松针提取物。

Effects of treatment methods and extraction solvents on the antioxidant activity of pine needle extract

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of treatment method and solvent on active substance and antioxidant activity of pine needles extract.METHODS Spectrophotometry was utilized to determine total phenol and total flavonids of pine needles extracts processed by different drying methods and different solvents, and the antioxidant activities were measured respectively.RESULTS Active substance contents and antioxidant activities of pine needle samples treated by different drying methods were significantly different (P<0.05), in the sequence of hot-air drying > freeze drying > nature sun drying order. Although the distilled water extraction rate of pine needle samples was higher than that of ethanol aqueous solution, the results of total phenol contents, total flavonoids contents, DPPH radical scavenging rate and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate all showed that the ethanol water solution was superior to distilled water. The correlation analysis showed that, active substance was positively correlated with antioxidant activity, the correlation coefficient of total phenol contents (R²=0.965 7, 0.952) was higher than that of the total flavonoids contents (R²=0.780 4, 0.758 6).CONCLUSION To ensure the high active substance contents and antioxidant activities of pine needles, hot-air drying and ethanol solvent extraction can be adopted for pine needles extraction.