Paper-based immunosensor with signal amplification by enzyme-labeled anti-p16INK4a multifunctionalized gold nanoparticles for cervical cancer screening |
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Authors: | Ruchuon Yokchom Somsak Laiwejpithaya Weerakanya Maneeprakorn Satita Tapaneeyakorn Jundee Rabablert Tararaj Dharakul |
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Institution: | 1. Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;2. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;3. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;4. National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand;5. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand |
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Abstract: | The aim of this study was to develop a paper-based immunosensor for cervical cancer screening, with signal amplification by multifunctionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The AuNPs were functionalized with a highly specific antibody to the p16INK4a cancer biomarker. The signal was amplified using a combination of the peroxidase activity of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme-antibody conjugate and the peroxidase-like activity of the AuNPs. The immune complex of p16INK4a protein and multifunctionalized AuNPs was deposited on the nitrocellulose membrane, and a positive result was generated by catalytic oxidation of peroxidase enzyme substrate 3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The entire reaction occurred on the membrane within 30 min. Evaluation in clinical samples revealed 85.2% accuracy with a kappa coefficient of 0.69. This proof of concept study demonstrates the successful development of a highly accurate, paper-based immunosensor that is easy to interpret using the naked eye and that is suitable for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings. |
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Keywords: | Paper-based immunosensor Signal amplification Multifunctionalized gold nanoparticles Cervical cancer screening |
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